Irish (Gaeilge), also referred to as Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is spoken as a first language by a small minority of Irish people, and as a second language by a rather larger group. Irish enjoys constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland, and is an officially recognised minority language in Northern Ireland. It is also among the official languages of the European Union. The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for the promotion of the language throughout the island of Ireland.
Na séasúir na bliana:
| English | Irish | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Spring | Earrach
(Munster) /əˈɾˠax/; |
February to April |
| Summer | Samhradh (Munster, Galway) /ˈsˠəuɾˠə/ (Mayo) /ˈsˠəuɾˠuː/ (Ulster) /ˈsˠəuɾˠu/ |
May to July |
| Autumn, Fall | Fómhar (Munster) /ˈfˠoːɾˠ/, /fˠõːɾˠ/ (Connacht) /ˈfˠoːvˠəɾˠ/ (Cois Fharraige) /ˈfˠuːwəɾˠ/ (Ulster) /ˈfˠɔːwəɾˠ/ |
August to October |
| Winter | Geimhreadh (Munster) /ˈɟiːɾʲə/ (Galway) /ˈɟiːvʲɾʲə/ (Mayo) /ˈɟɛvʲɾʲuː/ (Ulster) /ˈɟɛvʲɾʲu/ |
November to January |
Pronunciation: broad vs. slender consonants
buí – bí
bhuí – bhí
bó – beo
bhó – bheo
caoirigh – círe
chaoirigh – chíre
cúis – ciumhais
chúis – chiumhais
dúil – diúil
dhúil – dhiúil
dá – deá
dhá – dheá
faoi – fiche
fál – feall
gall – geall
ghall – gheall
ngall – ngeall
lae – léigh
lá – leáigh
maoin – mín
mall – meall
mhall – mheall
naoi – ní
puca – piocadh
phuca – phiocadh
croí – crích
suí -sí
súil – siúil
tuí – tí
tús – tiús
lúb – lúib
bád – báid
bréag – bréig
Nollag – Nollaig
scóp – scóip
caora – caoirigh
bás – báis
