Tag Archives: isibane

isiXhosa – 2016-10-02

Lessons I & II

Highlights:

  • the grammatical structure of isiXhosa is very different from that of any European language;
  • euphonic or alliterative concord: the prefix of the noun determine those of the subordinate parts of the subject and also of the predicate;
  • isiXhosa uses the Latin alphabet, with <c>, <x> and <q> representing click consonants;
  • stress falls on the next-to-last syllable;
  • there are no articles;
  • prefixes come in pairs, one for the singular, the other for the plural.

Examples of nouns in all classes:

Meaning Singular Plural
person umntu abantu
sister udade odade
word ilizwi, izwi amazwi
sheep imvu izimvu
house indlu izindlu
pig ihangu (dictionary says it is ihagu) izihangu, ihangu (or maybe izihagu, ihagu)
candle isibane izibane
rib ubambo izimbambo, imbambo
rod uluti izinti
tongue ulwimi izilwimi, ilwimi
tree umti imiti
kindness ububele
food ukudla

(From Crawshaw’s First Kafir Course-1903)