Lexicity/All Languages

𒀝𒅗𒁺𒌑 Akkadian

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Chicago Assyrian Dictionary	A massive collection.
Akkadian Dictionary	An online resource.
Provisional Dictionary of Old Babylonian Akkadian	With clickable buttons for character entry.
A Conciser Dictionary of Akkadian	In .txt format.
List of Sign Lists	Part of the Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. Downloads of many older books.
Index of Akkadian Roots	Quite a long list, actually.
List of Signs	A list of Akkadian signs; site is in French.
Akkadian Words in Modern Assyrian	A wordlist.
Glossary of 1000 Old Babylonian words	Other resources are on this page, as well.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Old Akkadian Writing and Grammar	A textbook that is not that old. A very good resource.
Akkadian Linguistics	About 30 pages of text which cover may different grammar topics.
Akkadian Linguistics II	Not fully comprehensive, but has explanations of many grammatical concepts and is easy to navigate.
Wikipedia's Grammar	Very useful, and can be made into a different file format easily.
Languages Gulper	Some introduction to the linguistics of Akkadian.
You Can Write in Akkadian	No you can't, actually, but you'll be able to write a few words at least after watching these videos.
Introductory course for Old Babylonian	Some great resources online for learning this middle-period dialect.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Cuneiform Sign-Lists Online	A few different lists.
Translating Cuneiform	A helpful set of steps with links to different books and print resources.
Akkadian Grammar	A PDF file.
Akkadian Nouns and Verbs	Scroll down for nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and verb charts. Yay!

Texts

Resource	Description
Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative	Links to many different holdings of cuneiform items.
SEAL	Not the guy who sings the song from that Batman movie--better! Sources of Early Akkadian Literature. An online resource for viewing many different texts. A wonderful collection!
Babylonian Nineveh Texts	A database which is hard to navigate if you're not already familiar with the material.
Part of Enuma Elis Tablet 1	In PDF format.
Codex Hammurabi Prologue	In .ps format.
Translations of Ancient Babylonian Texts	Scroll to the bottom to get to the translations. Also has some basic information about the culture.
Akkadian Myth and Epics	Some translated texts.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Massive Akkadian Bibliography	Mentally prepare yourself before opening this one.
Babylonian and Assyrian: A History of Akkadian	A very good, long article on the history of Akkadian
Bibliography of Urkesh and the Hurrians	A collection of many resources related to the area.
Ancient Babylonia	Assorted topics of culture and history. Scroll to the bottom to see them.
The Akkadians	An online repository of information on the Akkadians.
Akkad: The Presentation	See also the upcoming Akkad: Live in Vegas show.
A Bird's Eye View of Mesopotamia	Gives information on mythology, geography, people, and other items.
Phonological Representation in Akkadian Orthography	A short, interesting discussion of the phonology of Akkadian and some of the shortcomings of the Sumerian script.
Cuneiform Digital Library Journal	An online journal with many articles.
Mesopotomia at the British Museum	A nice online presentation.

العربية Arabic

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
An Arabic-English Lexicon	For online use.
An Arabic-English Lexicon	For online use.
Searchable Arabic-English Lexicon	The same as the text above, but searchable.
Quran Dictionary	For the words of the Quran.
Dictionary of the Holy Quran	A nice PDF file with a lot of explanations.
Dictionary of Quranic Usage	An even nicer PDF file with even more explanations.
The Easy Dictionary of the Quran	With a very useful index at the beginning.
Dictionary of the Quran	Another very, very long PDF.
Quran Wordlist	A list of words appearing in the Quran.
Project Rootlist	An attempt at documenting the roots of the words in the Quran.
Kitab Al Ayn	A very old lexicon.
Dictionary of Arabic Philosophy	A PDF created from a website.
Online Dictionary of Arabic Philosophical Terms	A bit easier to navigate than the PDF above.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Handbook for the Study of Arabic	No grammar, but many useful tips for studying the language.
An Introduction to Koranic and Classical Arabic	A very good place to start if you're looking to learn to read.
Fundamentals of Classical Arabic	Conjugating regular verbs and nouns in this volume.
A Grammar of Classical Arabic	An older PDF, but a good resource.
Howell Arabic Grammar	A very old and comprehensive grammar; you can download all the parts at this site, and there's a very useful index for grammar topics as well.
Learn Arabic Online	Various ways of doing it on this site.
Arabic Grammar Topics	The links for the grammar topics are on the right side.
Principles of General Grammar	Adapted to the capacity of the young, so this should be for everyone!
A Practical Grammar of the Arabic Language	If we're really being practical, though, we wouldn't be trying to learn this language!
An Aid to Practical Written Arabic	All this practicality is just too much!
Arabic Reading Lessons	The oldest book of the bunch!
Easy Arabic Grammar	Easy? Maybe not so much.
Handbook for the Study of Arabic	No grammar, but many useful tips for studying the language.
Kalamullah Learning Arabic	Many different books, all available for download.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Arabic Alphabet Chart	In PDF form.
Fundamentals of Classical Arabic	Lots of useful charts for verbs and nouns.
Understand Arabic in 12 Tables	Eh, it will probably take a bit more effort than this to understand it, but the tables are in color.
Verb Conjugations	In a website, not a PDF.
Basic Arabic Verb Conjugation	Pretty short, but it has a sheet for practice.
Dictionary of Arabic Verb Conjugation	An enormous PDF.
Arabic Verbs	A lot of different verbs, with a lot of ways of learning about the conjugations, including some really nice PDFs.
Arabic Verbs Made Easy PDFs	Again, "easy" might be a relative term here.
Arabic Verb and Noun Conjugation PDFs	Lots of different examples.
Grammatical Inflections	A short explanation.
Arabic Case Inflection	A few short tables.
Arabic Nouns	More tables on this page.
Arabic Case System	A useful explanation of how the cases work.

Texts

Resource	Description
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
NT in Arabic	Requires the djvu viewer.
Duke Online Arabic Manuscripts	Lots of information, images, and description.
The Quran Online	With some good explanations for each part.
Quran Explorer	Somewhat easier to navigate that the site above.
Holy Quran	All in Arabic, a PDF.
The Holy Quran	Arabic, with English translation.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
New Testament in Arabic	Requires the djvu viewer.
Duke Online Arabic Manuscripts	Lots of information, images, and description.
Quran Transliteration	Transliterated into English, that is.
A history of Arabic literature	An old book in PDF form, but useful for an overview.
Arabic reader	This is actually pretty useful, since the texts are somewhat annotated.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Arabic Lexicography	An older book, available in PDF format.
History of Arabic	A brief explanation of the history.
A Timeline of the Arabs	This is actually pretty long!
History of Islamic Philosophy	An entire book.
The History of the Quran	A somewhat brief introduction.

ארמית Aramaic

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
BDB	Contains the Hebrew and Aramaic words in the Bible. For just the Aramaic, see the Partial section below.
Database Lexicon	Click on the left to search the textual database. Supports character entry with Latin characters.
Lexicon and Concordance	Requires a Syriac font.
Imperical Aramaic Glossary	Includes numbers on word frequency.
OT Aramaic	Just the Aramaic portion of the BDB.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Introduction to Aramaic	Downloadable PDFs and an answer key as well.
Skeleton Grammar Summaries	Great selection on different topics.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Aramaic Paradigms	As always, useful to have around.
Aramaic Strong Verbs	An excellent explanation with paradigms.
Common Aramaic Verbs	A one-page summary with frequency and meanings.
More Aramaic Paradigms	Color-coded, so not for the colorblind.
Comparison of Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic	A brief summary of some points of interest.

Texts

Resource	Description
Aramaic Targum Search	Most the different Targums online and easy to access.
Interlinear Targums	Navigate with the links on the left; much more than just this.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Various Aramaic texts	In very nice PDF files.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Washburn's Biblical Languages	Lots of resources for Biblical languages and study.

Црькъвьнословѣньскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ Church Slavonic

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Lexicon Palaeoslovenico-Graeco-Latinum	An immensely important work, but you'll need to know some Greek and Latin to use it.
Old Church Slavonic Base Form Dictionary	For use with the online grammar.
Old Church Slavonic Master Glossary	For use with the online grammar and lessons; see below. Still Regardless, a very useful list.
Old Church Slavonic English Meanings Index	An English-OCS dictionary.
Old Church Slavonic Glossary	A very nice PDF with lots of words.
OCS Vocabulary List	A list of some words.
OCS Useful Abbreviations	For common words in the scriptures.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Old Church Slavonic Grammar	From the University of Texas. Contains lessons as well for learning the language.
Palaeoslovenicum Grammar	Written in Latin.
Church Slavonic E-Tutor	A downloadable program intended to help learn the language and learn some liturgy as well.
Help Me Learn OCS	That's the purpose of this extremely useful website. Contains tables, grammar discussion, and many other tools.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Old Church Slavonic Keyboard	Useful for entering the real characters.
OCS Nouns	Various tables and charts.
OCS Verbs	Various tables and charts.
Noun Charts	The first two links on the page have some charts.
Diacritic Helps	Information on their proper use.

Texts

Resource	Description
Slavonic Bible Program	An excellent program for reading the OCS Bible, both the OT and the NT, plus the text in Greek, Latin, French, German, and others. You must enter a password to install the program. To get the password, visit http://yegor.info/bible and email the proprietor. He will respond quickly with the password. Do not miss this program.
OCS New Testament	A beautiful PDF file.
Church Slavonic Bible	Viewable online and has downloadable PDF files as well. A great site.
Quattuor Evangeliorum Codex Glagoliticus	The four gospels in OCS.
Quattuor Evangeliorum Codex Marianus	The four gospels from another manuscript.
Old Church Slavonic Electronic Corpus	The characater encoding is an issue here, but it's a great site with a number of different texts.
Old Church Slavonic Prayers	Text plus downloadable MP3 files.
Codex Suprasliensis	One of the oldest pieces of literature in the language.
Old Church Slavonic Textual Sources	Site is in German, but contains a great deal of useful information.
Old Slavonic Sample Manuscripts	Pictures of different pieces.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Inventory of Slavic and Other Digital Projects	A long list of project sites that you can visit for more information on Slavic and other Eastern European topics.
The Greek NT and the Old Slavonic Version	An introduction and discussion of some points of interest.
Slavic General Information	Some general items on the history and culture.

ⲧⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲣⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲕⲏⲙⲉ Coptic

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Marcion Database	By far the best option for a Coptic dictionary. Download, install, enjoy. A seriously excellent resource.
Mani Coptic Dictionary	Appears to contain the same Coptic dictionary as the Marcion database, but without all the other resources.
Crum Online #1	Includes Greek and Arabic indices.
Crum Online #3	Includes Coptic character entry.
Crum Online #4	Probably the least-accessible copy around.
Crum Online #5	There really are a lot of ways to get this book. Just use Marcion, though.
Bohairic Dictionary PDF	Extremely useful to have around, especially at the Bohairic grocery store when you can't remember how to ask for broccoli.
Coptic-Latin Dictionary	See also the Latin-Coptic dictionary.
Another Coptic-Latin Dictionary	The Lexicon Linguae Copticae
Yet Another Coptic-Latin Dictionary	The Venerable Lexicon Aegyptiaco-Latinum
How Many Coptic-Latin Dictionaries Are There?	This one includes Arabic and is very, very old.
Words and Frequencies in the NT	A very useful resource for the study of the Coptic NT.
Coptic Vocabulary List	A short PDF file.
Short English-Coptic Vocabulary	With illustrative sentences, taken from many different sources.
English-Coptic List	A medium-sized list of words.
Coptic-English List	The counterpart to the above.

Grammars

Resource	Description
John Martin Plumley	Also available in Marcion. Came before Layton's time.
Compendious Coptic Grammar	Quite compendious and quite old.
Bohairic Morphology	A nice summary including good verb tables.
Sahidic Morphology	Another nice summary, this for the Sahidic dialect.
Grammaire Copte	In French; contains a chrestomathy.
German Coptic Grammar	From 1880, by Stern.
Other German Coptic Grammar	This one comes from 1850, by Schwartze and Steinthal.
Grammatica Linguae Copticae	Like all great works, written in Latin.
Rudimenta Linguae Copticae	For when you know Latin and only need the rudiments of something.
Layton's Coptic in 20 Lessons	The internet is a strange, wonderful place.
Learn Coptic Online	A great set of lessons, very well put together and fun to use.
Coptic Bohairic Lessons	A decent site.
Coptic Lessons Online	From the St. Shenouda website; you'll need a special font.
The 14-Step Coptic Lessons	Requires a Coptic font.
Listen and Learn Coptic	Become an Egyptian person, from the time of the pharaohs...
Learn Bohairic Online	PDF files, although they don't appear to use the Coptic characters...
Learn with Transliterations	We're not really convinced that this is the best way.
Short Introductory Course PDF	Calling all deacons and Sunday schools!
Coptic Lessons	A short series.
Simplified Coptic Lessons	Sadly, it looks like there's only one.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Bohairic Morphology	A nice summary including good verb tables.
Sahidic Morphology	Another very nice summary, this for the Sahidic dialect.
Overview of Verb Tenses	Terminology is not that of Layton.
Conjugation of Verbs	Requires a Coptic font.
Synopsis of Coptic Grammar	Also requires a Coptic font here.
Coptic Concordance	Yes, this is definitely amazing.

Texts

Resource	Description
Sahidic New Testament	A very lovely file with the entire NT.
Bohairic New Testament	From the same source as the Sahidic above.
Collection of the Coptic NT	Relevant files are #'s 115, 127, 128, 129, and 131.
Coptic Bible Online	PDF files, and other pages require a Coptic font.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Moheb's Coptic Bible books	A number of scanned books with Coptic biblical texts.
University of Bonn Collection	Great texts here.
Coptic Scriptorium	Awesome site!
Italian Papyri Website	You might need to know Italian...
Nag Hammadi	Let's disco dance, Nag Hammadi!
Coptic Text Database	In French; you can search.
MODERN coptic texts!	What do you mean, you thought the language was dead?!?
Bohairic - Arabic NT	PDF files; the Coptic is below the Arabic for each chapter.
The Coptic Pentateuch	Book in German, text in Coptic.
A few Coptic OT Books	Only certain ones, though.
Coptic NT Bohairic	Large files; there are better options. Luke/John, Paul, other books.
Coptic NT Sahidic	Same as above. John, Paul 1 & 2, Acts, Catholic Epistles/Revelation.
Sahidic Deuteronomy, Jonah, Acts	It's a new biblical papyrus!
Coptic version of Acts	The great Acta Apostolorum.
Coptic Book of Job	He was a very just man.
Coptic Manuscripts Online	Images, plus descriptions and other information.
More Coptic Manuscripts	From the St. Shenouda Coptic Society, with descriptions.
Images of Coptic Manuscripts	Many different texts, lots of fun to read!
Coptic Texts, Books, and Manuscripts	Take the time to look around, it's worth it.
Coptic Apocrypha	The Upper Egyptian dialect.
Miscellaneous Coptic Texts	In the dialect of Upper Egypt. A large PDF file.
Gospel of Judas	From National Geographic.
Gospel of Thomas	An interlinear PDF.
Coptic Doxologies	A number of different doxologies.
Apostolical Constitutions	Contains an English translation.
Coptic Psalter	Bless the Freer collection!
Martyrdom of Saint George	Lots of Coptic to read.
Short Texts in Coptic	Our man Crum makes an appearance.
Martyrdom of Saint Helias	In French, with Coptic.
Life of the Coptic Patriarch Isaac	With a critical analysis in French.
Coptic Fragments from Christian History	From various places (in French, with Coptic).
BYU Coptic Resources	Various Coptic texts.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
The Coptic Encyclopedia	A truly majestic collection.
Short Bibliography of Coptic Studies	Not complete, certainly, but a nice place to begin.
Some Very Old Coptic Reference Books	In many different languages, including Coptic. To read them, click on the title, then click the image of the book.
Checklist of Old Text Editions	Papyri, ostraca, and tablets.
List of Coptic study resources	A list of print and other materials.
Study of the Coptic Calendar	Looks good, though we certainly aren't experts.
Bibliography of Coptic Phonology	A very nice list, with links to the files.
Second Bibliography	A collection from a conference.
Journal of Coptic Studies	Unfortunately you have to have an institutional subscription to access this.
Coptic Church Review	FREE scholarship!
Gerard Luttikhuizen	A personal website, with some articles.
April Deconick	Another scholar.
Alin Suciu	A third scholar.
Kame Forum	You can feel their excitement - serious Coptic enthusiasts are here, so join the group and contribute to their projects.
St. Shenouda portal	For many topics of Coptica.
Remenkimi portal	Various items of interest.

𓂋𓏺𓈖𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖 Egyptian

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae	You need to register in order to look up words. Registration is free, however. An excellent resource.
Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute	Scroll down and click the arrows to download.
Budge's Egyptian Dictionary	A classic text. The link goes to volume 1, and volume 2 is also available.
Hieroglyphics Dictionary	With various types of entry and instructions. You can also browse through the listing.
Dictionnaire Rosette	An Egyptian-French dictionary. All the instructions are in French as well, but as always, Chrome can help.
Demotic Egyptian-German Wordlist	Can be used all online.
French Egyptian Dictionary	An older book online.
French Hieroglyphics Lexicon	Or "Lexique Hieroglyphique."
German Egyptian Dictionary	There always has to be a Handworterbuch...
Gardiner's Sign List	Very useful and important to know for the language.
Cooperative Ancient Egyptian Dictionary	Works as a wiki. Some annoying ads, unfortunately.
Color Hieroglyphic Dictionary	In French, but organized by parts of speech and other divisions.
A Signlist	Link is on the right side, under "language."
The Beinlich Wordlist	Supports transcription and German entry.
Hieroglyphics list	Instructions are in French, has thousands of entries.
Middle-Egyptian Portugese Dictionary	Instructions are all in Portugese as well.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Egyptian Grammar	Includes tables of signs and readings.
The Demotic Verbal System	Another great title from the U of Chicago.
Grammaire Egyptienne	An old grammar in French.
Another French Grammar	For Egyptian.
An Introductory Grammar of Demotic	From the University of Chicago.
Egyptian Demotic Guide	A very nice intro text.
Short Egyptian Grammar	See also the answers to the exercises.
Hieroglyphs Lessons	Some basic lessons.
French Hieroglyphic Lessons	A couple other lessons besides this one.
A Little Egyptian Reading Book	Very basic reading helps.
Egyptian Exercises	Very basic exercises.
Concise Middle-Egyptian Grammar	Missing lots of pieces. Link is on the right.
Key to Gardiner's Egyptian Grammar Exercises	All available online.
Key to Ockinga's Grammar of Middle Egyptian	Also done through HTML.
Basic Lessons in Hieratic	An introduction to the writing system.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Hieroglyphics Flashcards for Windows	Several expansion files available, a very useful tool.
More Hieroglyphics Flashcards	Hundreds more, actually (really).
Hieroglyphic Characters	A very convenient, printable picture.
Pronunciation of Ancient Egyptian	Lots of background, plus tables of some characters.
Hierowriter	Use this online system to write hieroglyphs.
WikiHiero	Another online system for writing, with support for several languages and online integration.

Texts

Resource	Description
Duke Demotic Manuscripts Online	Images and descriptions.
Duke Hieratic Manscripts Online	Images and descriptions - the same collection as above.
Demotic Papyri	Lots of different texts.
Katalog der Papyrussammlung	Various ways of searching.
Trismegistos	Many papyrological and epigraphical resources.
Chicago Papyri Collection	Many different kinds of texts.
Hieroglyphic Texts from the British Museum	England ended up with most of the good stuff.
AEL Text Index	A list of texts - some give lots of help for reading, others none at all.
Thotweb's Texts Online	Site is in French, but it has many links.
Papyrus of Ani	A facsimile. See volume 2.
Various Egyptian Texts	Tutankhamen, Amenism, and others.
The Rosetta Stone	Not the company with those annoying ads on Pandora and in airplane magazines. A fascinating story.
Egyptian Readings for Beginners	An older but useful book.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Egyptology Resources	An online collection of resources for the study of Egypt.
Checklist of Old Text Editions	Papyri, ostraca, and tablets.
Portugese Introduction to Hieroglyphs	Includes a lot of different resources.
Digital Egypt Online	A collection of many different learning and teaching resources.
Ancient Egypt Online	Be sure to visit King Tut's Facebook page.
The British Museum's Ancient Egypt	Lots of cool stuff online.
Egyptian Cultural Topics	Many different things online.
Akhet Egyptian Mythology	Another site with a great deal of information.
The Ancient Egypt Site	Very nice feathers are the top of the site.
Ancient Egypt: The Mythology	Looking forward to Ancient Egypt: The Musical.
Ancient Egypt Sites	Many, many, many different sites. Grab some sunglasses for the insane background color though.
Manuel de Codage	A project for systematizing the computer encoding of Egyptian characters. Site is very old, unfortunately.
Hieroglyphs Translator	See your name the way it was made to be written.
Burial Practices in Ancient Egypt	A great article on the burial practices in Ancient Egypt. Submitted by Ms. L's 6th grade social studies class. Thank you for the suggestion!

Elamite

Dictionaries

Elamisches Worterbuch (vol 1)	In German, but this is considered the best dictionary available for the language.
Elamisches Worterbuch (vol 2)

Grammars

Resource	Description
The phonology and morphology of royal Achaemenid Elamite	Available online from the Hathi Trust.
Overview of Elamite grammar (in German)	This is a Word document.
Elamite grammar (in Spanish)	There's always Google Translate, remember.
Elamite grammar (in Russian)	A shorter description than either of the above.
Cambridge Encyclopedia of Ancient Languages	This is a text file taken from a .djvu file; the transcription of the text is pretty good, and there is some useful information here, though it is a bit technical.
Wikipedia grammar summary	Always the first top for a summary.
Elamite script	This is a brief summary of the script.

Charts & Aids

(nothing available)

Texts

Resource	Description
Elamite texts online	Make sure to see the links at the top for more texts as well. An extensive collection.
Achaemenid royal inscriptions	Click on "browse lexicon" to check them out. The site will take some getting used to.
Persepolis Fortification Archive	You'll have to install a Java-based program in order to access this resource.
Elamite at Omniglot	Some basic information about the script.

Other Resources

On the Genetic Affiliation of the Elamite Language

This is interesting because Elamite appears unrelated to other languages; it's considered a "language isolate."

ግዕዝ Ethiopic (Ge'ez)

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae	An Ethiopic-Latin dictionary. A very large download, but a good resource to have.
Dictionary of the Amharic Language	A single PDF.
Amharic Dictionary	Runs online; gives transliterations.
Another Amharic Dictionary	Online as well, with transliterations.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Dillmann's Ethiopic Grammar	Text-searchable; this download is a PDF of about 16 MB.
Grammatica Aethiopica	With paradigms, literature, and a chrestomathy.
Dillmann's Grammar in German	Published around the same time.
Grammaire éthiopienne	Ethiopic grammar written in French.
Classical Ge'ez Blog	A very useful website featuring explanations of many grammar principles. See the post list on the right of the site to navigate.
Amharic Survival Guide	In a variety of formats, including audio.
Amharic Basic Course	From the Foreign Service Institute.
Video Songs and Basics	An entire Youtube channel.
Video for Alphabet	Hosted on Youtube. Check out the other videos on this channel as well.
Alphabet and Basics DVDs	This site sells childrens' DVDs for learning the Amharic alphabet and some other basics. If you've tried these, let us know!
Alphabet info and chart	It seems like you can't have enough help trying to learn all the characters.
Alphabet chart	Another useful explanation with a small .gif file that you can easily download.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Analytic Grammar Tables	They're real, and they're spectacular!
PDF of Wikipedia tables	Doesn't have the real Ethiopic abugida.

Texts

Resource	Description
Amharic Bible	All laid out and ready to go.
Amharic Scriptures	Lots of different texts, NT and others.
Ethiopic New Testament	PDF is about 21.1 MB.
Ethiopic Old Testament PDF	Appears to be the same texts as above, in various volumes. The link goes to volume one.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Amharic Bible	Pretty easy to navigate around, and a useful resource overall.
Amharic Book Collection	Many different texts, organized by topic.
PDF Amharic Bible	Old and New Testaments; pretty nice PDF files.
Buy the Bible	Interlinear translations, plus other books, and plenty of RasTafari stuff
Chrestomathia Aethiopica	A PDF of about 6 MB, contains many Ethiopic texts.
Contendings of the Apostles	In Ethiopic with an English translation.
Ethiopic Book of Enoch	14.7 MB PDF file.
Liber Henoch	Seems to be the same as above, only this one is edited by Dillmann, so how could you say no?
Royal Chronicle of Abbysinia	Not for the faint of heart, either.
Ethiopic Poetry	With a translation in Portuguese.
History of Minas	With a translation in Portuguese as well.
History of the Martyrs of Nagran	Same as above, with Portuguese translation.
Dottrina Cristiana	Includes Arabic and Italian text, plus some very nice hands in the first few scans.
Dottrina Cristiana	Includes Arabic and Italian text, plus some very nice hands in the first few scans.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Various Ethiopic Reference Books	All very old, but some good materials here. Click the title and then the book's image to access the texts.
ENCYCLOPAEDIA AETHIOPICA	Capitalized because it's awesome! What isn't awesome is that not very much of it is available online.

Etruscan

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Etruscan Wordlist	With a bit of information about loanwords and some other information.
Etruscan Glossary	A decent amount of words.
Online Etruscan-English Dictionary	Translates Etruscan words and phrases, apparently.
Short Etruscan Glossary	Very short, unfortunately.
Etruscan Phrases	A medium-sized list of Etruscan phrases with English translations.
Etruscan Vocabulary	A short list of words, divided by sets of meanings.
Another Etruscan Glossary	Over 1000 entries, it claims, but you have to sign up to download it.
Etruscan Verbs and Other Parts of Speech	Scroll down and click "next" to see the rest.
PDF Etruscan Glossary	In somewhat of a confusing format, unfortunately.
Tentative Etymological Glossary	A PDF around 15 pages long, with some good information.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Etruscan Grammar Outline	Very useful information, but document is not very long.
Etruscan Grammar	"This page reviews what is now known of Etruscan grammar."
Languages Gulper Etruscan Grammar	A short description of a few grammar topics.
Etruscan Language on Wikipedia	Lots of information, as usual.
Etruscan Grammar Summary	Some short bits about noun inflections and a few other topics.
Introduction to the Etruscan Language	Viewable online, and you should be able to download it as well.
Notes on the Etruscan Language	Just a bit about the alphabet, transliteration, and so on.
Another Etruscan Grammar Summary	Some bits about nouns and verbs.
Etruscan Alphabet	An old alphabet, and a newer one.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Etruscan Grammar Tables	A short document with some good resources.
Etruscan Inscriptions Analysed and Translated	An older book, freely available on PDF.

Texts

Resource	Description
Liber Linteus	An important text, with images and other information.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Etruscan Links	A collection of links about Etruscan culture, but fair warning, it's pretty old.
Center for Etruscan Studies	A program out of UMass, but it's hard to access the resources.
Etruscan Culture	Many different links to aspects of Etruscan culture and language.
The Etruscan Foundation	Dedicated to the study of all things Etruscan.
Rasenna Blog	Many different topics in the posts, but it's been about a year since the most recent update.
The Mysterious Etruscans	How mysterious! Information about the culture.
Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria	Riveting reading, as you can imagine.
Etruscan Articles	Short articles on all things Etruscan.
Gregorian Etruscan Museum	An online collection of artifacts and other things.
Etruscan Artifacts	Not clear if they're for sale or what, but you can look at them.
Etruscan Network General Bibliography	Also old, but lists actual books, so it's still usable.
A tour with Larth the Etruscan	Navigator. Merchant. Warrior.
Etruscan Alphabet, Language, Numbers, and Calendar	It's a Prezi!

Gaulish

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Gaulish glossary	In French, part of an old textbook.
Gaulish lexicon	Part of the Indo-European lexicon project.
Celtic lexicon	Entries for many Celtic languages, including Gaulish.
Etymological lexicon of Proto-Celtic	A work in progress, it says.
Cisalpine Gaulish	Part of a wiki on the language.
Neo-Gaulish Dictionary	About 200 entries.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Gaulish grammar	An old textbook, with texts.
Grammar summary from David Stifter	Scroll down to the blue links for the PDFs.
Wikipedia summary of Gaulish phonology and morphology	A brief summary of what is known about the language.
Gaulish verbal forms	A short list.
Language Gulper summary	A bit more than some other entries here.
Very brief summary of Gaulish declensions	Emphasis on "brief," and on "very."

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Gaulish Charts	Seriously, who knew there would be charts for this language?
Gaulish Verbs	There are links to a couple other charts at the top of this page.

Texts

Resource	Description
Gaulish inscriptions from David Stifter	Like the grammar resource above, scroll down to get to the links for the PDFs. Don't miss the Powerpoint files below that, too.
Gaulish texts	Part of the same old textbook as linked above.
Two Gaulish inscriptions	With pictures and transcription.
Gaulish inscriptions in French	Well, the inscriptions are in Gaulish, while the rest of it is in French.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Toward a chronology of ancient Gaulish, Celtic, and IE	It's an academic article, but it has some useful charts and visuals too.

ქართული Georgian

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Georgian Online Lexicon	For use with many different languages.
Margaliti Dictionary	You'll need to know a bit of Georgian to make good use of this.
Translate Georgian	A good online resource for translating Georgian.
German-Georgian Dictionary	Site instructions are in English, oddly.
English-Georgian Dictionary	In a nice PDF file.
English-Georgian Online Dictionary	Make sure you have a Georgian font installed for this one.
English-Georgian Wordlist	Get ready to sort through some serious lists.
English-Georgian NPLG Dictionary	Easy to navigate and use.

Grammars

Resource	Description
The Georgian Language	An outline of the grammar, with many different topics.
Analysis of Georgian Morphosyntax	This is a thesis and will require some knowledge of linguistics.
A Georgian Reading Grammar	A systematic approach to learning to read the language.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Georgian Transliteration Tool	Useful for learning the alphabet.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.

Texts

Resource	Description
Georgian NT PDF files	Scroll down to find the links.
Georgian Literature Collection	Many, many texts. The titles and descriptions are in Georgian.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Georgian Culture	Several aspects of the culture are covered, with essays on the history.
Georgian Culture Topics	A brief statement on a few different topics.
Litinfo	An electronic journal for Georgian literature.
Georgien	A blog on Georgian and Caucasus topics. Includes a long list of other blogs at the bottom.

Gothic

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Gothic Bible Lexicon	Includes the text of the Bible; definitions are accessed by clicking words, but they are in German.
Meso-Gothic Glossary	An older book, but useful; PDF download is 6.0 MB.
Gothic/Greek/German Dictionary	Many different formats--HTML, PDF, XML, etc. Part of the Wulfila project.
Online Gothic-English Dictionary	Also has Gothic-English.
German-Gothic Dictionary	Written in 1890. Not surprisingly, many works on Gothic are in German.
Gothic Dictionary	Again, written in German.
Comparative Glossary	A very large PDF file, but attention given to English.
Different Version, Same Glossary	I guess if your name is Balg, you have to study Gothic.
Etymological Dictionary	Again, it will help to know German. As in, you'll need to know German in order to read this.
Glossary of the Gothic Language	German will also help here.
Comparative Dictionary of Gothic	Written in German.
Etymology of the Gothic Language	You guessed it, in German.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Gothic Grammar	Reference and lessons, coordinated with Bible passages; fairly comprehensive as well as technical in many parts.
Wright's Gothic Grammar	In several formats. Though somewhat inconvenient to navigate, it is worth checking out.
Gothic Grammar with Readings and Glossary	Translated from the German.
Gothic Grammar in English	The great Balg translated this one.
Gothic Grammar in German	The original, in German.
Another version of this grammar	In German, again.
Gothic Lessons	Same as the first Gothic grammar above.
Old Introductory Grammar	17.1 MB PDF file; other filetype options available.
Gothic Elementary Book	Navigate online and get the PDF.
Gothic Video Introduction	An introduction to the language.
Gothic for Goths Videos	A series of video introductions to the language.
Gothic for Goths Website	The companion site.
Gothic Language Gulper	A nice intro to the language, with some grammar.

Charts & Aids

(Nothing here.)

Texts

Resource	Description
Gothic Bible Online	Many passages available, with linked lexicon. A wonderful resource.
Gothic Bible Manuscripts	Scans of many old manuscripts.
Codex Argentus Online	More manuscript scans, easy to navigate.
Small PDF Gothic Bible	From the Wulfila Project.
Large PDF Gothic Bible	With Greek; some Latin text, and German.
Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Gospels	In parallel columns.
Ulfilas	Or, the extant monuments to the Gothic language.
Gothic Bilingual Bible	With the Greek text.
Ulfilas: The Holy Text	With the Greek too, it appears.
Gothic Latin Old and New Testaments	Once again, all good books were written in Latin first.
The First Germanic Bible	Preface and front matter in English.
Gospel of Saint Mark	Published in 1882.
Gothic Holy Gospels	The Four Gospels in Gothic and Latin.
Other Gothic Manuscripts	Various manuscripts, all online scans.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Gothic on Wikipedia	[in an old professor's voice, bitter because his dissertation research took much longer than it would now] "You can't cite it in a paper!"

Ἑλληνική Greek

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Liddell-Scott-Jones Online	Just call it "The Lexicon." Enough said.
Perseus Project	Word entry is a bit more difficult here. Also, I'm sometimes not clear on the differences in function and purpose between the TLG online and the Greek side of the Perseus Project.
Marcion Database	Mainly for the study of Coptic, but contains a searchable Greek dictionary.
New Greek-English Lexicon to the NT	An older book.
Theological Dictionary of the NT	#50 on this list of documents. The download is a .chm file; search online for information about how to open it. You normally use a web browser.
English-Greek Dictionary	Woodhouse's English to Greek Dictionary, part of the University of Chicago library.
Ancient and Modern Greek Dictionary	Both English to Greek and Greek to English.
Liddell and Scott PDF	A massive download. A bit unwieldy to use but will probably be useful for some.
Woodhouse PDF	Again, a very large download, but may be useful for some.
Greek and Latin Dictionary	For the true classicist!
Archimedes Project Dictionary	Difficult to use.
English-Greek Dictionary	A vocabulary of the Attic language.
A New Greek and English Lexicon	...which is now almost 200 years old.
Strong's Online	For both Hebrew and Greek.
Hellenistic Greek Course Lexicon	For use with the Hellenistic Greek online course.
1000 Common Greek Words	"So arranged as to be most easily learned and remembered."
Pocket Lexicon of the Greek NT	A useful resource.
Lexicon to Herodotus	A bit difficult to search, but good for reading Herodotus.
Handbook of Greek synonyms	Useful for writing Attic prose and poetry when you really need to woo with style.
Greek Etymologies	A very useful resource for tracing word histories.
Some Greek Etymologies	A much smaller resource with more description.
Dictionary of Greek Proper Names	In German.
Principles of Greek Etymology	From reviewer NikosJohnson: "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!" Thanks, Nikos.
Greek-French Dictionary	Words are in the left column, definitions in French.
Greek-Italian Dictionary	You can click to enter Greek letters.
Vocabulaire Classique	French, English, modern and ancient Greek.
Greek-German Dictionary	Also very old.
Dictionnaire Etymologique	Greek etymological dictionary in French.
Dictionnaire Etymologique 2	Older than the one above.
Illustrated Dictionary to Anabasis	For use with the first four books of Xenophon's Anabasis, which you can find below.
Glossary of Greek Birds	Is that a dissertation I smell?
Semantic Study of Greek Bird Names	Really. It's in French, unfortunatey.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Smyth's Greek Grammar	Purportedly written in blood; this particular edition contains no actual Smythian blood, however.
Goodwin's Greek Grammar	Pro: comprehensive. Con: not written in blood.
Comparative Greek Grammar	A medium-sized PDF file.
Grammar of Attic and Ionic Greek	See the language in a wider spectrum, according to the description.
Compendious Greek Grammar	For the use of schools and colleges.
The Greek Grammar	THE Greek Grammar.
Grammar of the Septuagint	"Selections from the Septuagint" for some.
Systematische Grammatik der grieschen Sprache	For our friends the Germanicans.
A Greek Grammar	William Watson Goodwin.
Greek Grammar	Also for schools and colleges.
Dialects of Northern Greece	How much blood did he have?
A Greek Grammar: Syntax	From Gustave Simonson.
A Greek Grammar: Accidence	The companion piece to the one above.
Syntax of Classical Greek	From Homer to Demosthenes.
Syntax of the Greek Language	Especially of the Attic dialect. For the use of schools!
Syntax of Moods and Tenses	Watson's back with this great book.
A Brief Greek Syntax	Subtitle not so brief.
Sounds and Inflections of the Greek Dialects	He falls upon the thorns of Greek! He bleeds!
Grammar of the Greek NT	In light of historical research.
Grammar of New Testament Greek	Written in 1905.
Classical Greek Lessons	From the University of Texas.
Ancient Greek Tutorials	Various tools, also available as a download package.
Hellenistic Greek Online	Many lessons, and useful for the classroom.
User-Friendly Guide for Ancient Greek	A number of useful PDF files with readings.
NT Greek Online Courses	With videos, quizzes, and other useful materials. Some is forthcoming.
Learn NT Greek Online	Navigation links are on the left side.
Greek Courses Online	Courses of different difficulty; there is an ancient Greek course at the very bottom, as the rest are modern Greek.
Learn Greek Online (French)	Many different sections, though it's really more of a reference in some places.
Biblical Greek Online (French)	Has other resources as well.
Intelligent Person's Guide to Greek	If you're an idiot, stay away from this site.
Brief Intro to NT Greek	A good introduction.
Greek Prose Composition	See also the answer key below.
Greek Prose Composition Key	For the textbook above.
Moods and Tenses of NT Greek	Lots of good explanations and examples.
Ted Hildebrandt's Greek Aids	Scroll down the page to find an NT Greek textbook and other useful items.
Greek Grammar Review	"Let's review Greek!" "Gee, thanks! Don't mind if I do!"
Introduction to Ancient Greek	Some self-study resources and good quiz materials.
Greek Grammar Topics Online	Various posts and explanations.
Introduction to Greek Prose Composition	Has a key, below.
Greek Prose Composition Key	For use with the above textbook.
First Greek Writer	Another composition textbook.
First Greek Writer Key	Answer key for above textbook.
Lectures on Greek Prose Composition	Learning to write in an ancient language actually really improves your grammar skills.
A First Greek Course	Not THE first Greek course.
A Short Syntax of NT Greek	Not as complicated as the other kind.
First Greek Book	Still a strange way to title things.
First Greek Grammar Accidence	An older term, not very common these days.
First Greek Grammar Zyntax	We misspelled "syntax" on purpose in order to make the title more interesting.
Homeric Greek for Beginners	Not the easiest way to begin, to be sure.
Introduction to the Language and Verse of Homer	"D'oh!" "Why you little!" "Mmm...donuts..." , etc.
NT Greek in a Nutshell	Must be a pretty large nut.
Learning New Testament Greek	A very, very old site.
A Minimum of Greek	A very nice subtitle, as well.
School Grammar of Attic	From 1902.
The Beginner's Greek Book	From 1898.
Elementary Greek Grammar	The guy's middle name is Watson, and the book has "elementary" in the title. Too obvious.
A Student's Greek Grammar	From 1882.
A Greek Grammar for Beginners	This one hails from 1873.
Short Grammar of the Greek NT	Only for students familiar with the elements of Greek.
First Greek Grammar	Not in the whole world, I don't think.
Buttmann's Greek Grammar	"Buttmann" really needs to be a more common surname these days.
Homeric Greek Grammar	Homeric Greek is, in my opinion, much more difficult than Attic.
Greek Verbs, Irregular and Defective	The verbal system is usually the hardest aspect of learning Greek.
First Greek Syntax	Again, probably not the first one in existence, ever.
Grammar of New Testament Greek	Buttmann!
A Reading Course in Homeric Greek	A PDF file of the first 24 or so chapters; presupposes a background in grammar that not all students will have, though.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Helma Dik's handouts	Excellent charts, including a great verb chart.
Karl Maurer's handouts	A long set of handouts for learning Greek.
Compact Greek PDFs	Contains a great deal of information.
Greek Morphology Summary	Also looks very useful.
First-Year Review	With a text from Xenophon. Has commentary and is very useful!
Basics of the Verbal System	An HTML page.
Greek Particles	A list of particles used in Plato.
Accenting Greek Verbs	How the recessive accent rule is applied.
Accenting Enclitics	The rules for accenting enclitics.
Accenting First Declension Nouns	Only first declension here.
Prolegomena to Self-Study of Homer	"Step 1: search for nearest mental institution."
On Reciting Ancient Greek	For some classicists, this is an absolute art.
Study guide for Plato's Apology	Includes grammar, vocabulary, and quiz materials.

Texts

Resource	Description
Greekt NT Online	Various versions of the text online.
Judeopedia	A French site with a very convenient side-by-side Bible with Hebrew, French, English, Latin, and Greek. Can also produce PDF files. An excellent site.
SBL Greek NT	A critical edition in a very nice file.
Greek NT with conjugation and analysis	You can also search for words by grammatical categories. Simply excellent.
Greek NT with grammatical analysis	Extremely useful site.
Greek NT Reader	An online reader with lots of options and different editions of the Bible. Contains definitions of words.
Septuagint Online	Links are in the middle of the page; the LXX is on the left, and the NT on the right.
Septuagint downloadable files	In djvu format, so you'll need a viewer. Very nice copies of the work.
Septuagint in HTML and .doc format	Link for the .doc file is at the bottom of the page. With a more recent version of Word you can create a PDF file from this.
Multilingual Bible Program	Contains the Church Slavonic, Greek, Latin, French, and German texts of the Bible, plus others. A wonderful program. You must enter a password to install it. To get the password, visit http://yegor.info/bible and email the proprietor. He will respond quickly with the password. Don't wait, get it now!
Greek NT Online with concordance	Find a passage and click a word to see all of its uses. A great tool!
Septuagint Online with concordance	Based on the same database as above. An excellent resource.
Greek NT and French translation	Easy to use.
Septuagint and French translation	Very access to navigate through the LXX.
Greek NT Manuscript Comparison	Allows you to pull up various editions of the Greek NT in order to see similarities, differences, changes, and the like. Very useful.
Another Greek NT	Site has an obnoxious login, but can be very useful.
Biblos Scripture Text	Choose a passage to view in a number of languages. Contains an embedded lexicon.
Blue Letter Bible	Another multilanguage biblical comparison tool.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Codex Sinaiticus	The oldest complete copy of what we know as the New Testament.
Interlinear Greek/English NT	Easy to use and navigate.
Online Greek Reader	For biblical and non-biblical texts alike. Very fun to use!
Library of Ancient Texts Online	Links to many other sites with old Greek texts.
Perseus Project	For instructions on how to use the Perseus Project website, see our how-to page.
Introduction to Greek and Latin Epigraphy	For absolute beginners.
Searchable Greek Inscriptions	A really great site.
Harvard Digital Papyri	The collection of the Houghton Library.
Aphrodias in Late Antiquity	Lots of inscriptions available to view.
Greek Epigraphy Resources	A collection of various sites.
Bibliotheca Augustana	Many Greek manuscripts online.
Duke Greek Manuscripts Online	Descriptions with images and other information.
Greek Poetry Online	Very nice PDFs with commentary. An excellent site.
Oxyrhyncus Papyri Online	A searchable database, though not with access to everything.
Herculaneum Papyri Facsimiles	Another searchable database.
Greek Texts Online - Alpheios	Is a good beginning, but difficult to use, at least for now.
Testament of the 12 Patriarchs	All in Greek.
Texts from Greek Church Fathers	Quite a large collection of Greek texts online from various church fathers.
Life of Adam and Eve	A critical edition in Greek. Search this page for "life of adam and eve."
Greek Manuscripts Online	Many links to scans of original copies.
Online Greek Reader	For biblical and non-biblical texts alike. Very fun to use!
Greek abbreviations used in manuscripts	Can be very confusing if you don't know what they are.
Greek ligatures	A "ligature" is a combination of two letters in a manuscript.
Papyrology Resources Online	Links to more websites, some of which are featured on the Greek main page.
More Papyrological Resources Online	An Oxford site which features links to many databases and projects.
Greek Texts Online	There are better places to get what you need.
First Four Books of Anabasis	By Xenophon. See the illustrated dictionary in the partial dictionaries section.
Book XII of the Odyssey	In Greek.
Easy Selections from Plato	A very good author to begin advanced study.
Apology of Socrates	A good text to learn more advanced skills.
Homer PDF texts	Not sure how complete this is, but includes line and book numbers.
Searchable Variants in Homer	Looks like a cool site here.
Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound	Dramatic works tend to be more difficult than philosophical works.
Selections from Herotodus	See the lexicon to Herodotus in the dictionaries above.
Iliad Books XIX - XXIV	In Greek. See more Homer below.
Odyssey Books V - VIII	See above for more Homer, plus the Homeric grammar in the grammars section.
Anabasis Book VI	By Xenophon; see more of his work above.
Aesop's Fables in Greek	With illustrations.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Ancient History Sourcebook	For many different languages.
Washburn's Biblical Languages	Lots of resources for Biblical languages and study.
Voice of the Shuttle Classics	An extensive library of resources for the study of the classics.
Sites of Interest for Classicists	A list maintained by the University of Chicago library.
Catalogue of Internet Resources for Philology	Site is in German.
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities	A classical encyclopedia from a long time ago.
Checklist of Old Text Editions	Papyri, ostraca, and tablets.
Guide to Greek Lexicography	Discussions of many different topics.
Suda Online	Guide to Byzantine lexicography.
Theoi Greek Mythology	Great for information about the theoi (gods) and mythology.
Women and Gender in the Ancient World	Essays, images, links, and an extensive bibliography.
The Amphoras Project	A site dedicated to old, ceramic storage containers.
Ancient Greece	A great collection of many different topics.
Art in the Mediterranean	With pictures of items from around the area.
Photographs of Ancient Greece	In color and black and white.
Theoi Greek Mythology	Great for information about the theoi (gods) and mythology.
Materials for Sparta Study	See also the bibliography.
The Knossos	A very interesting archaeological site in Greece.
Sport in Greek Antiquity	Another good bibliography.
Encyclopedia Mythica	For different kinds of mythology.
Aegean Prehistoric Cultures	A series of lessons and other resources.
Bryn Mawr Classics Review	An excellent site with reviews of works in the classics.
Digressus	An online journal for the classical world.
Electronic Antiquity	Communicating the classics.
Phoenix	An online journal from the Classical Association of Canada.
TOCS-IN	Table of contents for journals that are of interest to classics studies.
Scholia	Studies in classical antiquity. Older editions available online.
Histos	An online journal for ancient historiography.
Studia Humaniora Tartuensia	An online, international journal for classical studies.
Museum of Archaeology Online	From the University of Michigan. Some really cool online exhibits.
Bibliography of Hellenistic Greek Linguistics	A very good bibliography with links.
The Beazley Archive	A division of Oxford dedicated to the study of classical art. The site includes many old photographs.
Free National Greek Exam	For use by professors and teachers.
New Observations on Voice	A very technical piece of work.
Homer in a Changing Tradition	Taking on the Homeric Problem.
The Musical Pitch Accent in Greek	When you're passionate about pronunciation.
Oral Reading of Greek	With audio, and texts read out loud.
Didaskalia	The journal for ancient performance.
Trajan's Column	Everything you ever wanted to know about it.
A Compendium of Greek Phonology	You'll need to know something about phonetics to understand this.
Alexander the Great Bibliography	Includes ancient sources.
Greek and Roman Women Bibliography	A very brief one.
Ancient Lives Project	Participate in cataloguing papyri!
Stoa Consortium	For digital classicists everywhere.
Greek Language and Linguistics	By Michael Palmer.
En Epheso	Studies in Greek Language and Linguistics.
Hypotyposeis	Sketches in Christian Origins.
rogueclassicism	A blog dedicated to classical things.
NT Discourse	Removing the mystery from discourse grammar.
NT Resources Blog	New Testament-related discussion, but also material about the grammar.
Attalus Greek and Latin Online	Links to translations of many different classical texts.
Audio-Visual Database of Classics Resources	A searchable site with many good results.
The Greeks, and the Parthenon in 3D!	Fun to play around with.
Classics Poetry Readings	Just the best.
Homer In Performance	More stuff, read aloud!
Homer aloud...with lyre!	Ah, those halcyon days...or were they elysian?
Mythology in Theater	An overview of how mythology has influenced the performing arts. Thanks to Elizabeth and her daughter for the pointer!

עברית Hebrew

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
BDB	This links to the portal page for the large work, not to the file itself.
Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew	A useful online source.
Targumim, Talmud, and Midrashic Dictionary	An extremely useful book.
Old Testament Hebrew Lexicon	Searchable in different ways; requires a Hebrew font.
Hebrew-English Pocket	An older PDF book.
Hebrew-English Index to Gesenius	For use with Gesenius' lexicon.
German Hebrew Lexicon	More for our friends the Germanicans!
Online Hebrew Dictionary	Everything in Hebrew.
Hebrew Dictionary in French	Lots of other resources.
Strong's Online	For both Hebrew and Greek.
Hebrew Words in Strong's	Indexed by Strong's number, without Hebrew characters.
Student's Vocabulary	Words are grouped by frequency, so this can be very useful.
Biblical Hebrew Base Vocab	Translations are in French.
Ancient Hebrew Research Center	With Strong's numbers and the ancient spelling.
Hebrew/English Wordlist	Lots of names and terms.
English and Hebrew Lexicon	Very old.
Hebrew Terms and Phrases	Discussions of various words and phrases.
Frequent Hebrew Words	Sometimes, you're just glad that someone else did it.
Hebrew Philosophical Dictionary	A very, very large PDF file.
Hebrew Roots Dictionary	You'll have to translate from the French, but it's very easy to use.
Semitic Roots Dictionary	Via the Wayback Machine.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Gesenius PDF	A smallish PDF file - 3.41 MB.
Hebrew Reference Grammar	Another option for reference.
Hebrew Grammar Summary	A good summary of some points, but not for beginners.
German Hebrew Grammar	The original Gesenius.
Learning Grammar	Starts from the most basic level.
Learning Hebrew Grammar	Some of the pages aren't ready yet.
Online Hebrew Tutorial	Has lots of differnet lessons and can be accessed in PDF format as well.
Biblical Hebrew Online	Contains other resources as well.
Biblical Hebrew Videos	This link goes to the first lesson, and you can check the other videos on this channel for more lessons.
Handouts for learning grammar	For many different topics and sections.
Hebrew Grammar for Beginners	Includes people who don't know the language.
Introductory Hebrew Method	Also a very old book.
Illustrations of Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar	For use with Gesenius; see above.
Introduction and Reference	Very useful!
A Hebrew Grammar	By Wood.
Handbook to Old Testament Hebrew	An elementary grammar of the language. Copious exercises!
Another Hebrew Grammar	Don't learn that artificial stuff. You want all-natural, 100% pure.
Manual of Hebrew Grammar	By Wijnkoop and Biesen.
Practical Introductory Hebrew Grammar	Dispenses with all the niceties.
Grammar of the Hebrew Language	It's what we're all interested in, right?
New Practical Hebrew Grammar	There must have been a lot of impractical grammars at one point.
Another Grammar of the Hebrew Language	Only older.
Elements of Hebrew Syntax	"By an inductive method." So there's that.
Manual of Hebrew Syntax	Wijnkoop and Biesen return.
Hebrew Syntax	As part of an introductory grammar.
Notes on Hebrew Syntax	"Memoirs of a Linguist."
Syntax of the Hebrew Language	In the Old Testament.
Treatise on Tenses	Hebrew has only two verb "tenses," if they can even be called that. It's a very interesting aspect of the language.
Short Account of Tenses	Not long.
German Historical Grammar	"der hebraischen Sprache."
German Hebrew Handbook	It comes from Harvard, so you'll be smarter if you read it.
Language of the Mishna	In German.
Handbook for the Mishna	Also in German.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Nouns and Verbs	Does not include any irregular verbs, but still good.
How to Analyze Hebrew Verbs	This can be very, very difficult at times, so this guide is welcome.
Various PDFs	For irregular verbs and other aspects of the grammar.
More Hebrew PDFs	Very useful for both regular and irregular verbs. Links are at the top.
Hebrew Nouns and Adjectives	The basics.
Hebrew Noun and Verb Charts Galore	For all different situations. Amazing!

Texts

Resource	Description
Online Hebrew OT	With many other versions as well.
Judeopedia	A French site with a very convenient side-by-side Bible with Hebrew, French, English, Latin, and Greek. Can also produce PDF files. An excellent site.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Hebrew OT Reader	Easy to use, useful even for beginners.
The Hebrew Bible	Easy navigation, no vowels.
Hebrew Bible Online	Book names in Hebrew. Text has vocalizations.
Several Hebrew Bibles	The old text in various forms, with some parallel works as well.
Biblos Scripture Text	Choose a passage to view in a number of languages. Contains an embedded lexicon.
Blue Letter Bible	Another multilanguage biblical comparison tool.
Interlinear Hebrew/English OT	Easy to navigate, not easy to download.
Aleppo Codex Online	Read the original.
HTML Hebrew OT	A zip file; unzip and place all files in the same folder to navigate.
Various Hebrew OT links	Includes audio codices and audio recordings.
Papyrus of the 10 Commandments	Very useful article with edited Hebrew of the text.
Hebrew New Testament	Some older files, requires the djvu viewer.
Hebrew Manuscripts	A collection of links to various Hebrew manuscripts.
Dead Sea Scrolls in English	Translations of various Gnostic texts.
Dead Sea Scrolls Online	View the texts online.
Digital Dead Sea Scrolls	The real deal.
The Great Isaiah Scroll	In photograph form.
Online Talmud	You'll need to have some background knowledge in order to make meaningful use of this site.
Old Talmudic Manuscript	Hundreds of years old, in fact.
Anatomy of a Talmudic Page	Written in French; useful for understanding what the Talmud contains.
SHEBANQ Text Database of the Hebrew Bible	So good that Ricky Martin sang about it in 2000: "SHEBANQ! SHEBANQ! Looking up those Hebrew verbs, the verbs..." Anyway, it's an open access and open source text database for the Hebrew bible. If you're serious about the Hebrew Bible and computational lexical resources, this is for you.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Brill's Encyclopaedia of Judaism	The real deal. Search this page for "encyclopaedia of judaism."
Encyclopedia of Judaism	From 2006.
Washburn's Biblical Languages	Lots of resources for Biblical languages and study.
Jewish Texts	Many traditional Jewish texts in English.
Texts and Criticism of the OT	Many sites available, plus audio and textual criticism.
Dead Sea Scrolls and other links	Links to sites with Bible resources, as well
1906 Jewish Encyclopedia	The full, unedited text.
Semitic Languages	A very nice, concise explanation in PDF format.
Study of Mishnaic Hebrew	A list of historical milestones.
Jewish History Online	Year by year, apparently.
Jewish Virtual Library	Many different topics.
History of the Jews in Modern Times	A more contemporary resource.
Bibliography of Hebrew Grammar	In the 20th century. Includes Ugaritic.
Offline Sources	Many books and resources for the study of Hebrew and Semitics.

𒌷𒉌𒅆𒇷 Hittite

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
University of Chicago Hittite Dictionary	Not complete, unfortunately. But maybe in another 40 years! Only some volumes available in PDF.
An Etymological Dictionary of the Inherited Hittite Lexicon	A fairly technical work, and very long, but sure to be useful.
Hittite Vocabulary	"A dissertation from UCLA entitled An Anatolian Appendix to Buck’s Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages."

Grammars

Resource	Description
Hittite Grammar	Lots of technical information - just what you want in a grammar!
Towards a Hittite Historical Grammar	Even more technical - as in, you'll need some training in linguistics to get something out of this.
Introductory Grammar Sketch	An old PDF with grammar and background information.

Charts & Aids

(Nothing here.)

Texts

(Nothing here.)

Other Resources

(Nothing here.)

LATINA Latin

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Whitaker's Words	Easy to download, easy to use. This program can save you an immense amount of time if you download and install it on your computer.
Perseus Project	You can access the Lewis and Short dictionary from here, which is a very good Latin lexicon.
LatinLexicon	This online lexicon is well-organized and easy to use. It looks like it's being maintained regularly, too.
Google Translate	Yes, Google Translate works for Latin, though be careful with what you get here.
Declension Dictionary	In Italian. Enter words in the top bar and click "Trova" to search. Nouns should be in nominative singular, verbs in first person present ("amo," "dico," etc.), and adjectives in masculine singular nominative. If you don't know the correct form, enter a word and check "Cerca nelle forme flesse," which will search inflected forms.
Lewis and Short (from Perseus)	A quick link to the lexicon. It's easiest to use the boxes at the top of the screen to navigate.
Copious and Critical Latin Dictionary	It's both copious and critical.
Latin Dictionary for Schools	Those school kids must have been experts in the classics.
Latin-English Dictionary	For junior students. Not sure how to tell if you are one though.
Copious and Critical Dictionary #2	Also both copious and critical.
English-Latin Dictionary	For the use of schools and colleges.
Copious Latin Lexicon	The only downside is that it's not critical.
Latin Phrase-Book	Translated from the German.
Dictionary of Latin Phrases	A methodological digest.
Latin-Italian Dictionary	Io sono di Roma.
Latin Etymological Dictionary	Very old.
Handbook of Latin Synonyms	Based on a German work.
Dictionary of Latin Synonyms	For schools and private students.
Dictionary of Latin Quotations	For parties!
Another Dictionary of Latin Quotations	Classical and medieval quotes.
Latin Word List	Easy to navigate.
Latin/English and English/Latin	Verbs must be input in the first-person singular.
Medieval Latin in Saxon	Words for specific works.
Latin > English	Fairly old; the site itself says that better lexical tools are now available.
English > Latin	Easy to navigate and a good basic resource.
Latin Quotes and Phrases	To impress and annoy. Mostly the latter.
Computer Phrases in Latin	You know, just in case.
Glossary of Latin Terms, Names, and Phrases	Many commonly-used phrases.
Glossa Online Dictionary	A fast, useful Latin dictionary, based off of Lewis and Short. The best part: there's a downloadable (alpha) version!

Grammars

Resource	Description
Allen and Greenough Large	A classic text. This file is about 11.0 MB in size.
Latin Grammar Online	Lessons, but with lots of grammar points as well.
Gildersleeve's Latin Grammar	O Goodman Gildersleeve! Also, it's pretty old.
Bennett's Latin Grammar	A counterpart to Allen and Greenough.
Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges	Again, school and college kids must have known this stuff backwards and forwards. There were about 1,000 grammars and dictionaries written just for them.
The Public School Latin Grammar	The rich kids already had a ton of grammars anyway.
Practical Grammar of Latin	Thank goodness for practicality!
Outline of Latin Phonetics	Latin Fonetics Are Great.
Morphology of the Latin Language	In German, for volumes; volume one is the main link.
Handbook of Latin Phonetics and Morphology	In German.
On the Latin Language	Originally written in Italian, it seems.
Cambridge Latin Course	Language information integrated with lots of history and Roman culture. The texts section contains interactive quizzes.
Learn Latin Online	Good introduction with lots of grammar points.
Answer Key for D'Ooge	Produced by the good folks at textkit.com
Declension and Conjugation	In Italian; see instructions above.
Verb Conjugator	Enter the first-person singular, no capital letters.
Another Latin Verb Conjugator	An older site, but still functioning.
Latin Quizzes	Quiz yourself on nouns and verbs! Other resources available as well.
Essentials of Latin for Beginners	You can pick up the non-essentials later.
Latin Prose Composition	By North and Hillard. Really helps your grammar.
Latin Prose Composition Key	For use with the above book.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Latin Grammar Summary	Produced by Maurer. Uses "u" instead of "v," which can be confusing at first.
Comprehensive Verb Synopsis	Great as a quick reference for Latin verbs.
Latin Noun Declensions	A convenient one-sheet reference of noun declensions.

Texts

Resource	Description
Vulgate Online	Easy to navigate between pages, and it includes an English translation alongside.
Another Vulgate Online	Easy to read and access.
Multilingual Bible Program	Contains the Church Slavonic, Greek, Latin, French, and German texts of the Bible, plus others. A wonderful program. You must enter a password to install it. To get the password, visit http://yegor.info/bible and email the proprietor. He will respond quickly with the password. Don't wait, get it now!
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Judeopedia	A French site with a very convenient side-by-side Bible with Hebrew, French, English, Latin, and Greek. Can also produce PDF files. An excellent site.
Biblos Scripture Text	Choose a passage to view in a number of languages. Contains an embedded lexicon.
Blue Letter Bible	Another multilanguage biblical comparison tool.
Perseus Project	For information on how to use the Perseus Project website, see the how-to page.
Latin Library	Easy to navigate, especially if you already know what you are looking for.
Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum	An extensive collection of texts and information.
Duke Latin Manuscripts Online	Images and descriptions.
PHI Latin Collection	A beautiful online collection of many, many authors.
Bibliotheca Augustana	Another great collection of online texts, organized by century.
Intratext	Ancient and medieval authors online.
The Silver Muse	A site dedicated to Roman poetry.
Itinera Electronica	Many authors with many texts; a concordance, and the ability to generate vocab lists by text (!). Utterly spectacular.
Roman Law Library	Texts and translations in several languages.
Latin Texts Online - Alpheios	A few texts online but it is difficult to use and not finished, it seems.
Tertullian Online	So good he has his own website.
Aesop's Fables in Latin	With illustrations.
Introduction to Greek and Latin Epigraphy	For absolute beginners.
Introduction to Classical Latin Literature	More of a reference work.
Latin Literature	An older book.
Latin Literature of the Empire	This link is for prose.
Cicero Select Orations	Very interesting to read.
Extracts from Cicero	Cicero wrote about many different subjects and his works are always entertaining.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities	A classical encyclopedia from a long time ago.
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (Perseus)	Hosted on the Perseus website, easier to use.
Encyclopedia Mythica	For different kinds of mythology.
Dictionary of Classical Antiquities	On the Perseus website.
Beeton's Classical Dictionary	A cyclopaedia of Greek and Roman items.
Mediterranean Online	In French, but an excellent resource for many items.
Checklist of Old Text Editions	Papyri, ostraca, and tablets.
Roman History	By the BBC. Information, images, and lots of other good stuff.
Aspects of Roman Culture	Many different items about the history and culture of Rome.
Private Life of the Romans	Viewable online, with links.
Roman Culture	Scroll down and click on the link by the American flag to get the English site.
Roman Coins and Culture	By very enthusiastic followers of Rome.
More Roman Culture	Information about armies, clothing, jewelry, etc.
Roman Timelines	Lots of garbage gets in the way but it has a lot of good stuff too.
Roman Emperors	And their families.
Maps of the Roman Empire	A collection of links to good sources.
Vatican Museum	Take a tour through the collections.
Photographs of Ancient Rome	In color and black and white.
Images of Rome	In French, but easy to figure out.
A History of Latin Literature	An older book.
The Roman Empire	Don't miss the reenactment events!
Rom-Casts	Updated podcasts discussing Roman history.
Sermo Latinus	A site dedicated to learning Latin, written in Portuguese. Includes some exercises and other resources.
Nova Roma	An organization dedicated to the restoration of classical Roman religion, culture, and virtues.
The Roman Empire in the first century.	A site by PBS.
Classics Poetry Readings	Just the best.
Latin Radio	Current events and news in Latin.

Mayan

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Mayan Comparative Vocabulary	A massive online database of entries on words from various languages. You can log in as a guest to use it. Make sure to see the information page if you have questions--there's stuff about the symbols, the entry format, and so on.
Dictionary of Maya Hieroglyphs	A very nice list, and easy to get around.
Spanish-Mayan Dictionary	Knowing Spanish is going to help for a lot of Mayan resources.
Swadesh List	Lots of common words in Mayan languages.
Vocabulary Zinacantán Tzotzil	With over 1000 entries, this can be a good choice.
Vocabulary Q'eqchi'	Nearly 2000 entries in this one.
K'iche'-English Dictionary	A very nice PDF file with lots of entries.
Mayan Mini-Dictionaries	Click the dialect down the page, and there are links that follow to VERY brief wordlists.
A short Itza-Maya vocabulary	In PDF format.
Mam-Spanish dictionary	All on the same page, with quite a few entries.
English-Yucatec Dictionary	A decent-sized wordlist.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Mayan Grammar Wikipedia	A decent overview, as always.
Tzeltal Grammar	A grammar of the spoken language; it's a rich-text file, so you'll need a word processor, or something like that. The Spanish version is available in PDF.
Tzotzil Grammar	This can get confusing quickly, with all the dialects!
A Grammar of the Yucatecan Mayan Language	Nicely organized, so it's easy to follow.
A Maya Grammar	An old book, from 1921, in PDF format.
A Grammar of the Cakchiquel Language of Guatemala	Part of the proceedings of an organization, in PDF.
Basic Yucatec Maya	Youtube videos.
Mayan Language for Beginners	Not sure how helpful this will be if you really want to study it in-depth.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Mayan Syllabary	Much more comprehensive than the one below, it seems.
Mayan Syllabary 2	Courtesy of Omniglot.

Texts

Resource	Description
Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions	Choose the dialect on the left, then choose the inscription (also on the left).
Introduction to Maya Hieroglyphs	A really nice PDF.
Introduction to Maya Writing	Information about how the language is written.
Mayan Script	A nice introduction to how it is written here as well.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Intro to Mayan Languages	If you're new to them, start with Wikipedia and then go here. There are a ton of dialects, but this site covers many of them!
Mayan Civilization	Information about a variety of topics.
Mayan Languages Bibliography	If you have access to a university library, this is a great place to start.
Mayan Annotated Bibliography	Very helpful as well, with notes about what's in each source.
Tzeltal Bibliography	One of the branches of the Mayan language.
Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies	Lots of different things here, with images, cultural information, and beyond.
Academia de Lenguas Mayas de Guatemala	The whole site is in Spanish.
Na'atik Institute	A language-learning institute in Mexico.
Photographs of Mayan, Incan, and Aztec cultures	That pretty much says it all.
Maya Time Font	Time for Maya!
Another Mayan Font	This one may be a bit cleaner.

上古漢語 Old Chinese

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
An overview of Chinese dictionaries	Chinese has a very long history of dictionaries; if you're interested in the language, it will be useful to get a feel for what is actually out there, both print sources and otherwise.
Old Chinese Reconstructions	Lots of words with information about the character and derivation from older forms of Chinese.
ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese	A book available in PDF form by chapter.
Chinese Etymology	Kind of an older site, but it has some useful information about word histories.
Zhongwen Database	Includes a dictionary, texts, and resources to learn the language as well.
Digital Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese	Guest access is free--the learning curve on this one is a bit steeper than some of the other dictionaries on this page, though.
Old Chinese Basic Vocabulary Database	Has a small list of common or useful words.
Radical/Strokes Look-up	The strokes needed to create a character, or "radicals," are an important measure for classifying the pieces of the written language.
Chinese Text Project Character Lookup	By radicals here as well.
ZDic	Will only be useful if you already know Chinese, although it does show you how to draw the characters.
Chinese Characters	Also search by radical here; has information about ancient forms and variants, plus other stuff.
Yellowbridge Dictionary	Shows information about the etymology as well.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Introduction to Literary Chinese	A very nice PDF file with exercises and other useful tools.
Introduction to Classical Chinese	A website with various grammatical topics.
Chinese Script	Information about the older ways that it was written.
A Concise Grammar of Classical Chinese	All on a single webpage.
Elements of Chinese Grammar	Like the language it describes, this book is quite ancient.
Chinese: An Essential Grammar	For the modern version, but it's free.
Zhongwen Database	Includes a dictionary, texts, and resources to learn the language as well.

Charts & Aids

(Nothing here.)

Texts

Resource	Description
The Chinese Text Project	Many classical texts al in a single place, divided into schools of thought and other ways as well.
Zhongwen Database	Includes a dictionary, texts, and resources to learn the language as well.
Oracle Bone Script	Some of the oldest inscriptions in Chinese.

Ænglisc Old English

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary	An excellent online dictionary with a wealth of information.
Online HTML Dictionary	Easy to search, links to pages with definitions and other information.
Bosworth-Toller Online	Somewhat difficult to navigate, for obvious reasons.
Bosworth-Toller PDF	From Google Books.
English-to-Anglo Saxon	A backwards way to find things.
Old English Aerobics Glossary	Look up words used in the exercises.
Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary	Also on the Germanic lexicon site.
Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary PDF	From Google Books.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Old English Grammar	Includes lessons and reference materials, plus texts.
Old English Grammar Topics	A few selected explanations.
Old English Online Lessons	Same as the first grammar link above.
Electronic Introduction to Old English	A companion to a book. Very nice!
Learning Old English Online	Different lessons and explanations.
Old English Lessons	A complete online course with texts.
Old English Aerobics Interactive	An excellent, interactive site to test your reading and grammar knowledge.
Old English Aerobics Workbook PDF	Many exercises to test your knowledge.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Old English Magic Sheet	A one-page summary of many grammatical concepts and conjugations.

Texts

Resource	Description
Anglo-Saxon Gospels	A PDF download of about 22.2 MB.
Anglo-Saxon Individual Gospels	This link goes to Matthew.
The Labyrinth	Search by category and find primary texts written in the language.
Oxford Manuscripts	Search this page for "old english" and "anglo-saxon" to see the offerings.
Old English Aerobics Anthology	Extremely useful--interactive readings and grammar helps to learn the language right.
Beowulf Online	Much better than that awful movie.
Old and Middle English Texts	Divided by centuries.
Complete Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Poetry	Many different items.
Aelfric's Homilies	On Judith, Esther, and Maccabees. Includes grammar helps and a glossary. See also the "teaching texts" in the upper left, which provide some more commentary.
Eschatological Homilies	The link to the texts is on the left, called "Homilies." Be sure to view them as glossed (link is at the top after choosing a text) to get vocabulary help.
An Anglo-Saxon Reader	From the Germanic lexicon page.
An Anglo-Saxon Reader PDF	From Google Books.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
List of English Manuscripts 1060-1220	A long list with descriptions and other information.
Fontes Anglo-Saxonici	A register of written sources used by Anglo-Saxon authors. Like all good sites, has a Latin name.
Boethius in Early Medieval Europe	Seems like an interesting project, but hard to find online what they've actually produced.
Anglo-Saxon Coins	With images and text.
The Old English Newsletter	Free access to articles.
Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England	A wonderful project which features a database of the inhabitants of Anglo-Saxon England.
The English Companions	For all those interested in Anglo-Saxon culture.
Richard Rawlinson Center	For Anglo-Saxon Studies and Manuscript Research.
Regia Anglorum	A reenactment society! Come on, you know this is what you were really looking for. Book them for your next party or bar mitzvah!
The Ravens Warband	Don't lie, you just can't wait to suit up and swing a sword.
Audio Readings of Old English	Listen to the language of our ancestors.

Franceis Old French

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
The Anglo-Norman Dictionary	This is the best resource for Old French around.
Lexique d'ancien français	The whole site is in French.
Old French Master Glossary	Linked to a bunch of different texts.
Old French Base Form Dictionary	Similar to the link above, but with truncated and more general forms.
English-Old French Glossary	A very long list of words.
Historical French Dictionaries	Going back to the 1600's, viewable all on the same page.
A dictionary of the Norman or Old French language	Pulled from a ton of different sources; viewable online or in a PDF.
A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues	From 1611--you can download the whole thing in a giant PDF too.
Old French Dictionary	Organized by letter, as most dictionaries are.
English-Old French Dictionary	You can change it to Old French-English by clicking on the left side.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Introduction to Old French phonology and morphology	An older book in PDF format.
Old French Lessons	10 lessons total, with lots of grammar available as well.
Old French Grammar Points	Scroll down below the lessons, and then there's an index of all the grammar points.
Old French Grammar	All in French here.
Wikipedia Old French Grammar	Pretty decent section, with some tables.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Old French Tables	On many different topics.
Old French Wikipedia Tables	Some more basic information on the language.
Old French Verbs	A lot of different pieces of information, including irregulars.
History of the French Language PDF	Has some nice tables, plus other topics.

Texts

Resource	Description
Anglo-Norman Texts	This is a nicely-organized online database of texts.
ARTFL-FRANTEXT	A searchable database of French texts from hundreds of years ago to today.
Old French texts by century	From the amazing Bibliotheca Augustana.
Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers	This was pretty much the Wikipedia of its day.
Middle French texts	This site is in French as well.
Medieval French Drama Database	For you lovers of Medieval French dramas!
Internet Medieval Sourcebook	A lot of Old French texts in the original form!
Old French Literature in Translation	PDF files of English translations.
The Princeton Charrette Project	Dedicated to Chrétien de Troyes's Le Chevalier de la Charrette.
Old French Insults!	For that specially despised person in your life.
ARLIMA	It's the Archives of Middle-Age Literature.
Texts of Old French	Part of the ARTFL project as well.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Introduction to the origin of French	This is a relatively short PDF with some into information.
Origins of French	A more comprehensive look than the link above.
A history of the French language	All in French.

Old Frisian

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Frisian Dictionaries	Various text files, with various modern languages as well.
Frisian Lemma List	Click "search" on the left side to start; enter a word, and then click "Betsjutting" at the bottom for the meaning (in Dutch), or "Kwic" for a list of places that the word appears.
Glossary of Frisian-English	A part of an older book in PDF form.
West Frisian Phrasebook	For traveling back in time, and for going to places where they speak Frisian today.
West Frisian Wordlist	About 200 words.
Frisian Wörterbuch	An older dictionary, written in German.
Ostfriesisches Wörterbuch	Also very old, and also in German.
An attempt at a Frisian-Dutch dictionary	Just an attempt, mind you! You'll need to know Dutch.
Glossarium der friesischen Sprache	Also written in German, a freely available PDF.
Altfriesischen Wörterbuch	Might be even older, but still written in German.

Grammars

Resource	Description
West Frisian Grammar	An older book, but covers many different topics.
Phonology and Grammar of West Frisian	Another link to the same book above--probably the best bet for English speakers.
Grammar course in Frisian	Various lessons and vocabulary--probably shouldn't be your first ancient language, though. Choose the language you want from the middle section.
Taalportal Frisian Linguistics	This site appears to be under active development--grammar topics on the left side.
Frisian grammar notes	To accompany the lessons above; availalbe in other languages as well.
West Frisian Phonology	A useful set of tables and instructions.
West Frisian Grammar on Wikipedia	A helpful introduction.
Grammar of North Frisian	Written in German as well.
Frisische Sprachlehre	Lessons in German, from a very old book.
Altfriesisches Lesebuch mit Grammatik und Glossar	In German, unfortunately.
West Frisian Number Rules	For counting in Frisian!

Charts & Aids

(Nothing here)

Texts

Resource	Description
Integrated Frisian Language Database	Click "search" on the left side, then enter a word and click "Kwic" at the bottom of the pop-up. You'll then see a list of places where that word occurs.
Codex Unia	Viewable in various parts.
Titus Frisian Corpus	Select the text you want in the bottom right-hand window.
Written Frisian examples	The Lord's prayer, and a few other things, with audio.
Altfriesisches Lesebuch	That means it's a Frisian reader!
Thet Freske Riim	A very old Frisian poem
Frisian Texts	Not for the beginner, this one.
Bible in Frisian	In a nice (modern) PDF file.
Gospel of Matthew in Frisian	From a book in PDF form.
Twitter accounts in Frisian	Useful for picking up the vernacular, I guess?

Old High German

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Old High German English Dictionary	You can add phrases of your own, as well; it's a collaborative effort.
English-Old High German Dictionary	A large PDF file with a ton of words.
Zedler Lexikon	Something like the Oxford English Dictionary, for German, 300 years ago.
Grimm's Dictionary	From about 150 years ago, and pretty easy to use.
Etymological Dictionary of the German Language	An old PDF, but has a lot of old information.
Early New High German Dictionary	An easy-to-navigate web interface.
Middle High German Conceptual Database	A pretty steep learning curve; probably best for only serious research.

Grammars

Resource	Description
An Old High German Primer	Older images of a book.
An Old High German Primer HTML	A better copy of the above link.
Wright's Old German Primer	This book is everywhere, it appears.
Yes, an Old German Primer	This is the book to use, I guess.
Grammatisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der hochdeutschen Mundart	An old German grammar, in various parts.
A grammar of Proto-Germanic	An overview of the ancestor language. Note that there are multiple chapters, and the links to the other ones are in the opening paragraphs.
A comparative grammar of the Teutonic languages	This is seriously the coolest book ever written. It's from 1870 too!
Video intro to Old High German	On Youtube.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Old High German Declensions	Courtesy of the fountain of all knowledge (Wikipedia).
Old High German tables	Inflection tables and some info about Middle High German.
Proto-Germanic Inflections	A lot of useful information with charts.

Texts

Resource	Description
Old High German Texts	A site with many different texts, though it takes a bit of work to navigate.
Old German Texts	Separated by century.
Projekt Gutenberg	Contains many texts, a lot of which don't date back that far.
Austrian Literature Online	Some of these texts to date back a long way.
Anthology of Medieval German Literature	Originally a book, it looks like, and easy to navigate.
St. Gall's Treasure Trove	A collection of Old High German texts.
4 Medieval Manuscripts in German]	These give a good idea of the handwriting, too.
Tatian in Old High German	One of the earliest translations of Tatian's works.
Enlightenmen-era journals in German	This is for serious scholarship, and you'll need to know German as well.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
A brief history of the German language	You probably aren't going to find something better than this online.
Interaction of gender and declension in Germanic languages	A piece of scholarship on the contemporary languages, but interesting nonetheless.
History of the Teutonic Knights	As I recall, these guys were unbelievably tough in the computer game Age of Empires.
History of Germany	Might as well start from the beginning, right?

ᚌᚑᚔᚇᚓᚂᚉ Old Irish

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Electronic Dictionary of Old/Middle Irish	The most important Irish dictionary. With quick and advanced searches--see the help link on the right side of the toolbar.
Old Irish Base Form Dictionary	Part of the great University of Texas collection.
English-Old Irish Dictionary Online	Seems a bit small compared to other online options.
Glossary and Verbforms Database	Different ways of searching, plus a thesaurus.
English-Early Irish Wordlist	A PDF over 1000 pages long (!).
Dictionary of Old Irish Glosses	For the Milan Codex Ambrosianus.
Dictionary with Compendious Grammar	As has been shown repeatedly for other languages--compendious grammars are always best.
Proto-Celtic Word List	For several different languages.

Grammars

Resource	Description
The Scholars' Primer Grammar	In PDF form, a scan.
Old Irish Lessons	Part of the University of Texas collection.
Old Irish Grammar lessons 1-10	A Word document.
Old Irish Grammar lessons 11-20	Another Word document.
A Concise Grammar and Reader	An older book, free on the internet.
Various Grammar Topics	Not really systematic, but decent explanations of some points.
Irish Grammar Exercises	Set of translation exercises, also related to modern Irish.
A First Old Irish Grammar	Another scan.
A Brief Overview of the Verbal System	Or, why on earth would you want to learn this?
Compendious Grammar with Dictionary	Also listed above.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Online Verb Charts	These look great!
Wikipedia Irish Conjugations	Has some useful information.
Explanation of Conjugations	You can't ever get enough help in the beginning.
Old Irish Verb Charts	Explanations plus tables, in a nice PDF.
Sample Verb Table	Overall, not that useful.
Old Irish Noun Declensions	From Wikipedia.
Old Irish Declensions	Charts online.
Old Irish Nouns	Explanations of gender, case, and so on.

Texts

Resource	Description
Old Irish Corpus Online	A very large collection.
The Irish Aeneid	It isn't hard enough in Latin, you know.
An Old Irish Reader	Free online.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Links to Cultural Resources	Lots of good stuff here, though a bit hard to navigate.
Irish Culture	A small collection of information.
Irish Folklore	Brought to you by the glory days of the internet!
Irish Literature and Mythology	A large collection of links.
Irish Mythology	From Wikipedia.

Norrœnt mál Old Norse

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Old Norse Prose Dictionary	A very nice, very complete site with both basic and advanced searching.
Icelandic Dictionary	Search by both English and Icelandic. If you don't already know some of the grammar, the search results may not make much sense.
An Icelandic-English Dictionary	The link goes to a PDF format.
Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic	From the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Base Form Dictionary	This is a list of all the base forms used in the Old Norse lessons (see the link in the grammar section below).
Icelandic-English Wordlist	All in a single HTML page.
Lexicon of Kennings	With glossary and other information for particular texts.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Old Norse Online	Grammar and lessons online.
A Grammar of the Old Norse Tongue	Translated from the Swedish. Bite off a chunk of Scandinavia!
German Old Icelandic Grammar	By Adolf Gotthard Noreen.
Icelandic Grammar Online	Very easy to navigate.
Iceland Grammar Introduction	From Wisconsin's site, which has many resources.
Old Norse Online	Grammar and lessons online.
Old Norse for Beginners	With some cool Viking drawings.
Complete Icelandic Word Analysis	Very, very thorough.
Icelandic Primer	Grammar, notes, and glossary.
Icelandic Verb Conjugator	Surprisingly comprehensive, this is a very useful tool.
Learn Icelandic Online	Requires a subscription, but it's free. Fun to learn.
Elementary Grammar of Old Norse	"Or Icelandic." Not really the same, but here you go.
Icelandic Prose Reader	Contains notes, grammar, and a glossary.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Old Icelandic Paradigms	Clicking on the link will download a .tar.gz file.

Texts

Resource	Description
Old and New Testaments	In a very convenient format online.
New Testament with Psalms	A beautiful text in a beautiful language.
Old Norse Manuscripts	An absolutely dynamite collection of manuscripts. This site is a true treasure.
Old Norse Etexts	A very rich collection of texts online.
Eybjorn Texts Online	Various texts in various forms, some with commentary.
Saga and Tales in Old Icelandic	A number of different texts.
Saga and Tales in Old Icelandic	A number of different texts.
Icelandic Text Selections	Portions taken from many different sources. Searchable as well.
Icelandic Texts Online	Google Translate will help you to navigate here. Be sure to check out the translation of Arabian Nights!
Old Norse Readings	From a book in copyright, but these texts are available online.
Icelandic Prose Reader	With notes, grammar, and a glossary.
Corpus Poeticum Boreale	When the author has a name this Scandinavian, you know you're dealing with the real thing.
Texts in Old Swedish	An ancestor of Swedish, obviously.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Bilingual Readings	Many different aspects of Icelandic history and culture.
Daily Life in Old Scandinavia	A very detailed explanation of the relevant patronymics.
The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia	Good information available here.
Art and Literature of the Viking Age	Also a great bibliography of sources on this site.
Mythology and Religion of the Vikings	A number of different topics.
Timeline of Viking History	A good resource for getting a feel for the history.
Approaching Religion	An online journal for comparative religion studies in Scandinavia.

𐎠𐎼𐎹 Old Persian

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Old Persian Inscription Lexicon	A very old book, but still useful!
Old Persian Master Glossary	From the now-legendary University of Texas project.
Old Persian Base Form Dictionary	Part of the same project.
Old Persian-English Meaning Index	The last part of the UTexas project.
Old Persian Grammar, Texts, and Lexicon	In this book you get--you guessed it--grammar, texts, and a lexicon.
Ancient Persian lexicon	With the text of inscriptions.
Cuneiform supplement to the lexicon	Accompanies the lexicon above.
Guide to the Old Persian inscriptions	Even older than the grammar!
Critical notes to the Old Persian inscriptions	Once again, accompanies the resource above.
German-Old Persian dictionary	A very old book in PDF form.
Die Keilinschriften der Achämeniden	A book in German about the inscriptions.
Pahlavi Dictionary	Pahlavi is a middle Iranian form of the language.
An Etymological Dictionary of Persian	And of other languages.
Persian-English dictionary	Could be useful, depending on how much you already know about Persian.

Grammars

Resource	Description
An Introduction to Old Persian	A PDF online, available for free.
Old Persian Grammar, Texts, and Lexicon	In this book you get--you guessed it--grammar, texts, and a lexicon.
Old Iranian Lessons	With plenty of grammar. Old Iranian is a language family which includes Old Persian and Avestan.
Old Iranian Grammar Points	A full list of the grammar covered on this page.
Historical grammar of the Persian language	The book is a bit historical as well.
Grammar of the Old Persian Language	Not sure, but this book looks like it was very small.
French Grammar of Old Persian	From the great Gallica website.
French Historical Grammar of Old Persian	The first part of a two-part series; see the Other Resources section for the second part.
German Handbook of Old Iranian	A comparative grammar, it looks like.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Old Persian Nouns	From Wikipedia.
Old Persian Verbs	Also from Wikipedia.

Texts

Resource	Description
Old Persian Text Corpus	Scroll to the bottom and click the arrow in the right to go to the next page.
Old Persian Grammar, Texts, and Lexicon	In this book you get--you guessed it--grammar, texts, and a lexicon.
Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions	A list of inscriptions.
The Behistun Inscription	Soon to be a crappy movie with Nicholas Cage, no doubt.
The Inscription at Behistun	An old book in PDF form.
Old Persian texts with transliteration	A huge collection!
Old Iranian texts	The texts go with the grammar lessons, and have some annotations.
Persian texts	A collection of links for Persian texts (not Old Persian, it seems).

Other Resources

Resource	Description
French Historical Study of Iranian Culture	The second part of the two-part series; see the Grammar section for the first part.
A History of Old Persian	This is the appendix to a full book.
Omniglot Persian	None of this is about Old Persian, but modern Persian could be interesting to some.
Old Persian Epigraphy	With a nice bibliography at the end.

Old Turkic

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Altaic Etymological Database	There are multiple Turkish languages included here.
Discussion of the Old Turkic Lexicon	The link is to a PDF file--see page 23 for a discussion of the history of dictionaries and lexicons for Old Turkic. Unfortunately, there isn't a source which unites all the lexical information we have.
Basic Turkic Words	A list of words from various categories.
Old Turkic-Kazakh Dictionary	So unless you know Kazakh...
Old Turkic-Russian Dictionary	Downloadable PDFs separated by letters.
English-Old Turkic Dictionary	Very small. As in, there's maybe 20 entries.

Grammars

Resource	Description
A Grammar of Old Turkic	Over 500 pages--if you're serious about the language, this is the place to go! Note that this book is available all over the internet.
Learn Turkic!	Media tutorials, alphabet stuff, and other information to learn.
Old Turkic Writing System	From Omniglot.
Old Turkic Alphabet	From Wikipedia.

Charts & Aids

(Nothing here.)

Texts

Resource	Description
VATEC database	There's an English search engine here, and a nearly 900-page PDF (!) of the texts gathered together, it seems.
Turik Bitig	Old Turkic inscriptions, from a variety of different locations.
Orhun Yazitlari	Inscriptions with Latin transcriptions; you can use Google Translate here, and click the links in the menu bar at the top to get to other inscriptions.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Turkic World	A site for the history and culture of Turkey.
Old Turkic Font	You'll need it for viewing the blogs below.
Old Turkic Script and Runes	A possible connection? Check it out here.
Turkic Text Converter	For going between Latin-based languages and Turkic; hard to use, though.
List of Old Turkic Articles	They're all in Turkish, it looks like.
Turkic Keyboard	Click "help" if you haven't installed the font yet!
Turkish Language Instruction in the US	A list of universities that offer courses.
Lexical-Semantic Analysis of the Ancient Turkic Place Names	An article published in 2013.
Old Turkic Tumblr	There's actually a lot of interesting stuff on here, which is surprising.
Gokbeyuluc Blog	You'll need to have the font installed to view this blog properly.
Fankibiber Blog	Same here--you'll need the font for this blog to work properly.
Kokturukce Blog	Once again, you'll need the right font for this one.
Gokturkce	Another site written in Turkish--Google Translate in the browser can fix it!

संस्कृतम् Sanskrit

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries	A wonderful list of dictionaries available for use in both browser and download form. If you're not sure, start here.
Roots, Verb-Forms, and Primary Derivatives	Searchable online, this is a really excellent resource.
Master Glossary	For use with the lessons from the University of Texas.
Sanskrit Dictionary	Many different modes of input and lots of words.
A Vedic Concordance	The download does not work for Windows, but it does work for Mac.
Dictionnaire Francais-Sanskrit	Downloadable. Ne conviennent pas pour Mac!
Glossarium Sanscritum	There always has to a very old Latin dictionary.
A Sanskrit-English Dictionary	With references to the roots in other languages.
Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary	Appendices with different terms. This is a great resource.
Another Practical Sanskrit Dictionary	What's better than practicality when considering a dictionary?
A Sanskrit Thesaurus	A bit difficult to use.
Sanskrit Glossary	A fairly long list of words.
Sanskrit Flash Cards	3200 (!) words in a very well-formatted PDF file.
Apte Sanskrit Dictionary	Contains a key for Sanskrit character entry.
Word Index to the Nighantu and Nirukta	A somewhat specialized reference for the study of these texts.
Sanskrit-French PDF Dictionary	The file is very easy to handle, so this ought to be a good resource even if you have to translate again from the French.
1000 Sentences in Sanskrit	You should already know the script in order to use this.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Sanskrit Grammar Online	From William Dwight Whitney.
Sanskrit Grammar Online	From the University of Texas, another in their series.
Sanskrit Grammar Online Textbook	Many different grammar topics.
A Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar	From 1986, a PDF file.
The Sanskrit Grammarian	A declension and conjugation tool available for online use.
Practical Grammar of Sanskrit	"One must always be practical in one's choice of both dictionaries and grammars." - Lexicity
Practical Grammar of the Sanskrit Language	"See above." - Lexicity
A Sanskrit Grammar for Students	From the OUP in 1927.
A Small Sanskrit Grammar	As always, for the use of schools.
A Higher Sanskrit Grammar	Intended to be a more in-depth explanation of the grammar than the small one.
More Sanskrit Lessons	Make sure to get a font.
Practical Sanskrit Introductory	Easy to navigate, all online.
Master Sanskrit Easily	All Roman characters. The link is to the introduction.
Sanskrit Online Lessons	Lesson files are in PDF format.
First and Second Books of Sanskrit	The link goes to the first book.
Introductory Course for Sanskrit	Based on another grammar.
Step By Step Sanskrit	Takes it step by step after leaping the first staircase, it seems, because this does not start with the basics.
Speak Sanskrit the Easy Way	The hard way is sitting around with a bunch of kids trying to understand the language, like the one white kid on the cover of this book is doing. Learn from him; don't do it the hard way.
Student's Guide to Sanskrit Composition	Perhaps both the hardest and best thing to do for one's grammar in an ancient language.
Learn Sanskrit Online Lessons	A few very basic lessons.
Sanskrit Pronunciation Program	A downloadable file. Audio is clear! Audio is clear! Audio is clear!
Elementary Grammar of Sanscrit	Not our typo.
A Sanskrit Grammar for Beginners	With Roman letters!
Introduction to Sanskrit Courses	Written in Spanish.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Sanskrit Noun Forms Generator	Will show forms of a noun. Appears to require Sanskrit character entry.
Sanskrit Verb Forms Generator	Similar to the noun form generator; this is a fairly advanced lexical tool and it will help to know some Sanskrit.
Sanskrit Morph Analyzer	Enter a word to see many different linguistic features.
The Sanskrit Grammarian	A declension and conjugation tool available for online use.
The Sanskrit Reader Companion	Parsing for simple phrases.
Sanskrit Flash Cards	3200 (!) words in a very well-formatted PDF file.
Handbook for Sandhi Rules	Written by someone with a PhD, so you know it's good.
Sanskrit Workbook	The link goes to the first file; replace the "01" in the URL with "02," "03," etc., in order to see the others. This collection could also be appropriately called "Deformed Monkeys Speaking Sanskrit." These are literally the worst illustrations I have ever seen in a language-learning text.
Sanskrit Verb Charts	A really nice PDF file.
Verb Conjugation Tables	For many different groups of verbs.
Declensions and Conjugations	Easy to navigate and very helpful.
Sanskrit Noun Charts	Many different and very useful charts.
Sanskrit Tables	Many tables, but the entire text is in Sanskrit.
Basic Noun Charts	A small collection.
Sanskrit Exercises	You'll need to know the script. The link goes to the first; replace the "1" at the end to go to the second, third, etc. There are 50 total.
Devanagari Flashcards	A very nice file of the letters and letter combinations.
Devanagari Practice Manual	A downloadable file to practice writing the letters.
Learn Devanagari Script	A cool online help system.
Devanagari Transliteration Practice	Transliteration is very common for Sanskrit. Just cover up the second line of the group and practice your transliteration.
A Guide to Sanskrit Prosody	For use in studying poetry.
Sanskrit Meter Recognizer	Appears to allow a few different types of input.

Texts

Resource	Description
Sanskrit New Testament	Another version also available on this site.
Sanskrit Old Testament	The link goes to part 1.
Sanskrit Texts Database	Many different texts, searchable with a few parameters.
Sanskrit Texts and Storas	Very nice PDF files with some translations available as well.
Sanskrit Scriptures	Links to many different holy books.
Other Sanskrit Scriptures	You'll need some fonts to display everything properly.
Valmiki Ramayana	An epic poem, includes various forms and links.
Hindu Scriptures in English	A collection of various texts.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
American Sanskrit Institute	Their resources make it so easy to learn the language "even a bear could learn it." A bear? Maybe for the yoga?

𒅴𒂠 Sumerian

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary	The download links for the PDF files appear to be broken, but you can still use it online.
PDF Lexicon	Seems to have a lot of words...

Grammars

Resource	Description
Introduction to Sumerian Grammar	An older text, but still very helpful.
Sumerian Language	A brief introduction with some grammar topics.
The Origin of the Sumerian Language	Not so much grammar, but still useful for placing the language in the proper context.
Learn Sumerian Grammar	A collection of lessons from Wikibooks. Check it out!
Memrise Sumerian Course	It's an online course for learning Sumerian; you'll have to create an account, though.

Charts & Aids

(Nothing here.)

Texts

Resource	Description
Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative	Links to many different holdings of cuneiform items.
Various Tablets Online	With transcriptions, translations, and photos.
Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature	With different ways to search.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Sumerian Grammar Bibliography	Very comprehensive.

ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ Syriac

Dictionaries

Resource	Description
Dukhrana Lexicon	Easy to search; simply a great resource.
Smith's Syriac Dictionary	Online, fairly easy to navigate.
ATOUR Lexicon	Requires a Syriac font; contains instructions on how to install the font.
Jennings' Lexicon PDF	Downloadable, but is huge: 50 MB.
Syriac-Arabic-English Dictionary	Difficult to navigate; use Google Chrome to help. Supports Syriac character entry.
Syriac-French-English Dictionary	A PDF of more manageable size, around 9 MB.
Concordance of Aramaic Texts	Also part of the CAL.
Compendious Syriac Dictionary	An enormous PDF file.
Thesaurus Syriacus	See also part two and the supplement.
Syriac-Greek Dictionary of the NT	In German.
Syriac-Latin Dictionary	Written in Latin.
Lexicon Syriacum	By Carl Brockelmann.
Another Lexicon Syriacum	Perhaps George Washington used it. You never know.
Treasure of the Syriac Language	Also see volume two.
A Third Lexicon Syriacum	This one comes in three volumes.

Grammars

Resource	Description
Compendious Syriac Grammar	The file size is quite compendious as well: just over 100 MB.
Peshitta Grammar Analyzer	Display a New Testament verse, then analyze each word in the verse. Linked to a lexicon. Absolutely invaluable.
Another Grammar Analyzer	Includes a tool to make verb charts, but it doesn't work well yet.
Syriac Grammar with Chrestomathy	By Eberhard Nestle.
Elements of Syriac Grammar	Via the inductive method.
Introductory Syriac Method	Includes a manual.
Syriac Grammar	Uhlemann and Hutchinson.
German Syriac Grammar	Uhlemann's original work.
Principles of Syriac Grammar	Hoffmann and Cowper.
Grammatica Syriaca	Hoffmann again.
Grammar of Modern Syriac	From 1855.
Elements of Syriac Grammar #2	Not by an inductive method.
Treatise on Syriac Grammar	In French.
Learn Assyrian Online	Learn the Syriac-Aramaic language online.
Learn Syriac	From the Syriac Orthodox Church in Canada.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Nouns and Verbs PDF	Very useful charts, and very easy to read.

Texts

Resource	Description
Peshitta Online	Probably the best resource if you're online. Includes a grammatical analyzer.
Online Syriac NT	The entire New Testament on a single page. English titles, so easy to search.
Interlinear Syriac NT	Navigate with the links on the left; much more than just this.
Syriac Sinaitic	Very old copies of the gospels.
The Unbound Bible	Bible texts online in many languages with parallel viewing.
Beautiful NT PDF files	These are really well-done. A joy to read.
NT Peshitta .doc files	Font is on this page as well.
The Syriac-Aramaic Peshitta	Site is in German, links to the text are on the right.
Old Testament Peshitta	The OT in Syriac. Nice PDF files.
Syriac Studies Reference Library	By BYU; easy to use and navigate.
Basic Church fathers texts	From Eusebius of Caesarea, Joshua the Stylite, and Thomas of Edessa.
Mingana Syriac Collection	No, we have no idea what "Mingana" is either.
Online Syriac Manuscripts	Links to outside sites.
Fragments of the Iliad	From a Syriac palimpsest.
A Tract of Plutarch	"On the advantage to be derived from one's enemies."
Chronicle of Joshua the Stylite	Translation by Wright.
Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius	Also edited by Wright.
History of Mar Jab-Alaha	Notes in French.
Apocrypha in Syriac	Various books of the OT.
Syriac Legend of St. Alexis	With a translation in French.
Ammonas, Successor	Greek and Syriac texts
Life of Schenoudi	Unedited, in French.

Other Resources

Resource	Description
BYU Syriac Collection	A huge number of digitized books on Syriac, plus other resources.
Many Syriac Reference Books	Old, but good. Click the book title and then the image in order to access the text.
Syriac history and language	A nice little collection of information.
Language information	More general info about the language.
Short History of Syriac Literature	The text of a long article.
Syriac Reference Portal Project	Join the project as a collaborator!
Syriac Tools and Resources	Many of these links are long broken, unfortunately.

Ugaritic

Dictionaries

(Nothing here.)

Grammars

Resource	Description
Ugaritic Wikipedia	Not as much detail as one might want.
Ugaritic Wiki	A work-in-progress, but some lessons are up with other materials.
Very Basic Lessons	The alphabet is in lesson 1.
Omniglot Ugaritic	Some basic info, with the characters.

Charts & Aids

Resource	Description
Verbal and Non-Verbal Forms	Looks to be very useful, perhaps the most useful resource listed on this page.
Very Basic Lessons	The alphabet is in lesson 1.
Paradigms and References	See the bottom links on the left side.
Alphabet Video #1	In order.
Alphabet Video #2	Not in order.
Ugaritic Font	Just in case you're writing that term paper in Ugaritic, you know.
Another Ugaritic Font	When one isn't enough.

Texts

(Nothing here.)

Other Resources

Resource	Description
Bibliography of Ugaritic Grammar	Hugely awesome, and includes Hebrew references as well.
Why Ugaritic?	An interesting, short article on why the language matters, especially for the study of the Hebrew Bible.
Ugaritic and the Bible	Another short intro.